Intro to Derm

Question 1

Days it takes to turnover the epidermis

Answer 1

28-30 days

Question 2

Keratinocytes are bound tightly together by intracellular junctions called ___

Answer 2

Desmosomes, which are vital to the structural integrity of the skin

Question 3

Vellus

Answer 3

Soft hair that covers the body

Question 4

Terminal Hairs

Answer 4

Coarse hairs that develop at puberty and the hairs of scalp and eyebrows

Question 5

Sweat Glands

Answer 5

Sudoriferous Glands

Question 6

Tanning

Answer 6

Epidermal cells take up melanin by phagocytosis

Question 7

Questions to ask when taking Derm HPI (OLD CARTS)

Answer 7

1. Are your symptoms limited to the skin, or are you acutely ill (fever, cough) or chronically ill (fatigue, weight loss)?
2. When did the problem start?
3. Where did the problem start?
4. What symptoms are with it? (Itch, hurt, bleed, ooze)
5. How has it changed? (Shape, color, spread)
6. Does anything make it better or worse? (heat, cold, foods, exercise)
7. What previous treatments have you tried?
   Onset, location, duration, characteristics, aggravating f, relieving f, Tx’s, Severity

Question 8

Skin Check (of lesion and skin)

Answer 8

Color, Moisture, Temperature, Texture, Mobility, and Turgor

Question 9

T,S,P&D,CC&AC/L

Answer 9

Type, Shape of individual lesions, the pattern and distribution of multiple lesions and the color, consistency, and anatomic component/location

Question 10

Macule

Answer 10

Any change in skin color that is not palpable (not raised or depressed)

Question 11

Patch

Answer 11

Similar to macule, but often quite large, OR barely raised plaque

Question 12

Papule

Answer 12

Elevated, superficial, solid lesion <0.5cm

Question 13

Plaque

Answer 13

A plateau-like elevation, usually well defined

Question 14

Nodule

Answer 14

Solid, Larger and often starting at a deeper level than a papule

Question 15

Wheals

Answer 15

Pink papules or plaques that change or disappear within hours

Question 16

Comedones

Answer 16

Dilated and plugged hair follicles

Question 17

Horn

Answer 17

Conical Mass

Question 18

Scar

Answer 18

Proliferation of fibrous tissue that replaces normal collagen after a wound that breaches the dermis

Question 19

Cyst

Answer 19

Encapsulated cavity containing fluid or semisolid material

Question 20

Vesicle

Answer 20

Clear fluid filled cavity, <0.5cm, often thinned roofed

Question 21

Bulla (Blister)

Answer 21

Clear fluid filled cavity, >0.5cm often thinned roofed

Question 22

Pustule

Answer 22

Cavity is filled with purulent exudate

Question 23

Abscess

Answer 23

Accumulation of purulent material deep in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue, often fluctuant

Question 24

Erosion

Answer 24

Loss of a portion of the EPIDERMIS, usually moist, WILL NOT SCAR

Question 25

Ulcer

Answer 25

Loss of the epidermis and part of the dermis, heals with scarring

Question 26

Atrophy

Answer 26

Diminution of epidermal cells resulting in thinning, glossy, transparent, and wrinkled appearance

Question 27

Poikiloderma

Answer 27

Pigmentary changes often associated with atrophy

Question 28

Striae

Answer 28

Linear depression that occur from rapid stretching of the skin

Question 29

Sclerosis

Answer 29

A diffuse, slightly depressed, hardened area of the skin

Question 30

Scale

Answer 30

Flakes of skin

Question 31

Crust

Answer 31

Develop when serum, blood, or purulent exudate dries on the skin surface

Question 32

Excoriations

Answer 32

Surface excavations that result from scratching

Question 33

Lichenification

Answer 33

Thickening of the epidermis and some changes in the dermis may be due to continual rubbing of the skin

Question 34

PurPura

Answer 34

Reddish-purple lesion that is non-blanchable, indicating blood having left the vessels and moving through other tissues

Question 35

Petechiae

Answer 35

Pinpoint Purpura

Question 36

Ecchymosis

Answer 36

Large Purpura; Bruise

Question 37

Telangiectasia

Answer 37

Persistent dilations of small capillaries. May or may not be blanchable.

Question 38

Angioma

Answer 38

Benign tumor with blood vessels; some types blanch others don't

Question 39

Annular

Answer 39

Ring-shaped; the edge differs from the center

Question 40

Round

Answer 40

aka Nummular or discoid; coined-shaped

Question 41

Arcuate

Answer 41

Arc-shaped

Question 42

Linear

Answer 42

Resembling a straight line

Question 43

Reticular

Answer 43

Net-like

Question 44

Targetoid

Answer 44

aka iris; has three distinct zones

Question 45

Grouped

Answer 45

Clustered together

Question 46

Scattered

Answer 46

Irregularly distributed

Question 47

Dermatomal

Answer 47

Lying in the distribution of a single spinal nerve root

Question 48

Sun Exposed

Answer 48

Also called photo distribution; occurs in areas usually not covered by clothing

Question 49

Sun Protected

Answer 49

Occurs in areas usually covered by clothing

Question 50

Acral

Answer 50

Occurs on distal locations, such as hands and feet

Question 51

Truncal

Answer 51

Occurs on central body

Question 52

Extensor

Answer 52

Extensor surfaces of knees, elbows and other joints

Question 53

Flexor

Answer 53

Flexor surfaces of knees, elbows and other joints

Question 54

Intertriginous

Answer 54

Occurring in the skin folds

Question 55

Localized

Answer 55

Confined to single location

Question 56

Generalized

Answer 56

Widespread

Question 57

Other possible descriptors

Answer 57

Symmetrical, asymmetric, bilateral universal, lymphangitic

Question 58

Tzanck Smear

Answer 58

Viral test, put on slide and left to air dry, pos result=giant, multinucleated cells are identified

Question 59

KOH

Answer 59

``` Potassium Hydroxide. If septated (tube-like structures) then dermatophyte infection = Tinea. If budding and sausage-like then = Candidal infection ```

Question 60

RAST

Answer 60

Radioallergosorbent test. for allergic sensitization id