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Dermatology > Intro to Derm > Flashcards

Intro to Derm Flashcards

1
Q

Days it takes to turnover the epidermis

A

28-30 days

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2
Q

Keratinocytes are bound tightly together by intracellular junctions called ___

A

Desmosomes, which are vital to the structural integrity of the skin

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3
Q

Vellus

A

Soft hair that covers the body

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4
Q

Terminal Hairs

A

Coarse hairs that develop at puberty and the hairs of scalp and eyebrows

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5
Q

Sweat Glands

A

Sudoriferous Glands

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6
Q

Tanning

A

Epidermal cells take up melanin by phagocytosis

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7
Q

Questions to ask when taking Derm HPI (OLD CARTS)

A
  1. Are your symptoms limited to the skin, or are you acutely ill (fever, cough) or chronically ill (fatigue, weight loss)?
  2. When did the problem start?
  3. Where did the problem start?
  4. What symptoms are with it? (Itch, hurt, bleed, ooze)
  5. How has it changed? (Shape, color, spread)
  6. Does anything make it better or worse? (heat, cold, foods, exercise)
  7. What previous treatments have you tried?
    Onset, location, duration, characteristics, aggravating f, relieving f, Tx’s, Severity
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8
Q

Skin Check (of lesion and skin)

A

Color, Moisture, Temperature, Texture, Mobility, and Turgor

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9
Q

T,S,P&D,CC&AC/L

A

Type, Shape of individual lesions, the pattern and distribution of multiple lesions and the color, consistency, and anatomic component/location

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10
Q

Macule

A

Any change in skin color that is not palpable (not raised or depressed)

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11
Q

Patch

A

Similar to macule, but often quite large, OR barely raised plaque

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12
Q

Papule

A

Elevated, superficial, solid lesion <0.5cm

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13
Q

Plaque

A

A plateau-like elevation, usually well defined

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14
Q

Nodule

A

Solid, Larger and often starting at a deeper level than a papule

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15
Q

Wheals

A

Pink papules or plaques that change or disappear within hours

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16
Q

Comedones

A

Dilated and plugged hair follicles

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17
Q

Horn

A

Conical Mass

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18
Q

Scar

A

Proliferation of fibrous tissue that replaces normal collagen after a wound that breaches the dermis

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19
Q

Cyst

A

Encapsulated cavity containing fluid or semisolid material

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20
Q

Vesicle

A

Clear fluid filled cavity, <0.5cm, often thinned roofed

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21
Q

Bulla (Blister)

A

Clear fluid filled cavity, >0.5cm often thinned roofed

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22
Q

Pustule

A

Cavity is filled with purulent exudate

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23
Q

Abscess

A

Accumulation of purulent material deep in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue, often fluctuant

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24
Q

Erosion

A

Loss of a portion of the EPIDERMIS, usually moist, WILL NOT SCAR

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25
Q

Ulcer

A

Loss of the epidermis and part of the dermis, heals with scarring

26
Q

Atrophy

A

Diminution of epidermal cells resulting in thinning, glossy, transparent, and wrinkled appearance

27
Q

Poikiloderma

A

Pigmentary changes often associated with atrophy

28
Q

Striae

A

Linear depression that occur from rapid stretching of the skin

29
Q

Sclerosis

A

A diffuse, slightly depressed, hardened area of the skin

30
Q

Scale

A

Flakes of skin

31
Q

Crust

A

Develop when serum, blood, or purulent exudate dries on the skin surface

32
Q

Excoriations

A

Surface excavations that result from scratching

33
Q

Lichenification

A

Thickening of the epidermis and some changes in the dermis may be due to continual rubbing of the skin

34
Q

PurPura

A

Reddish-purple lesion that is non-blanchable, indicating blood having left the vessels and moving through other tissues

35
Q

Petechiae

A

Pinpoint Purpura

36
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Large Purpura; Bruise

37
Q

Telangiectasia

A

Persistent dilations of small capillaries. May or may not be blanchable.

38
Q

Angioma

A

Benign tumor with blood vessels; some types blanch others don’t

39
Q

Annular

A

Ring-shaped; the edge differs from the center

40
Q

Round

A

aka Nummular or discoid; coined-shaped

41
Q

Arcuate

A

Arc-shaped

42
Q

Linear

A

Resembling a straight line

43
Q

Reticular

A

Net-like

44
Q

Targetoid

A

aka iris; has three distinct zones

45
Q

Grouped

A

Clustered together

46
Q

Scattered

A

Irregularly distributed

47
Q

Dermatomal

A

Lying in the distribution of a single spinal nerve root

48
Q

Sun Exposed

A

Also called photo distribution; occurs in areas usually not covered by clothing

49
Q

Sun Protected

A

Occurs in areas usually covered by clothing

50
Q

Acral

A

Occurs on distal locations, such as hands and feet

51
Q

Truncal

A

Occurs on central body

52
Q

Extensor

A

Extensor surfaces of knees, elbows and other joints

53
Q

Flexor

A

Flexor surfaces of knees, elbows and other joints

54
Q

Intertriginous

A

Occurring in the skin folds

55
Q

Localized

A

Confined to single location

56
Q

Generalized

A

Widespread

57
Q

Other possible descriptors

A

Symmetrical, asymmetric, bilateral universal, lymphangitic

58
Q

Tzanck Smear

A

Viral test, put on slide and left to air dry, pos result=giant, multinucleated cells are identified

59
Q

KOH

A 
Potassium Hydroxide.
If septated (tube-like structures) then dermatophyte infection = Tinea.
If budding and sausage-like then = Candidal infection
60
Q

RAST

A

Radioallergosorbent test. for allergic sensitization id

Dermatology (2 decks)

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