Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

FALL2 NEURO > INTRO TO HEALTH PROMOTION > Flashcards

INTRO TO HEALTH PROMOTION Flashcards

1
Q

Nearly ___ of patients with stroke experience recurrent stroke within __ years and comorbidities CV conditions represent leading cause of death.

A

1/3 within 5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Fast twitch fibers are ____ sensitive to insulin
Patients after stroke experience decrease in __ fibers

A

Fast twitch are less sensitive to insulin
Post stroke: more fast twitch due to decrease in slow twitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Paretic limb fat content is _____, muscle mass is ___%

A

Fat is 25% higher
Mm is 20% lower
Causing increase energy cost of gait
Decreased fitness more than age, sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are health behaviors?

A

Actions that are intentional or unintentional, that affect health of individuals or others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Greatest physical activity benefits in mortality risk are in ___hrs a week

A

0-7.5 (20% drop in mortality)
7.5-15 is also good (11% drop in mortality)
Up to 40-75 hours BENEFITS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is most common way to do a home eval?

A

Give patient/family a worksheet to complete and draw a simple floorplan
*you can do a home eval with the patient and family present ideally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What can patients with tetraplegia use on their wheelchair to prevent rolling backwards?

A

Grade aids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

___ people post stroke may prefer to go up backwards on a ramp, pushing with quads

A

Foot propellers, pushing with quads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is progression for K levels of Wheelchair qualifying process?

A
  1. Standard manual WC
  2. Lightweight WC
  3. Power operated vehicle (scooter)
  4. Motorized WC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Scooters are more or less expensive?
More or less trunk control needed?
Do they have armrests and seatbelts?

A

Scooters are less expensive,
Less stable side-to side
More trunk/upper body control needed for scooter
Scooter seat may or may not not have armrests and seatbelts
Scooter has fewer seating options

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

For any WC prescription, the person has to sit a min of ___hours per day ___ their home to qualify for Medicare coverage

A

4 hours INSIDE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Motorized wheelchairs are only covered if they are needed to perform

A

ADLs in home/routine! (If patient can’t walk to kitchen to eat)
Need to be required at least 4 hours a day. FACE TO FACE VISIT WITH PHYSICIAN REQUIRED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Will Medicare pay for an electric bed?

A

Fully electric: no not at all
SEMI-ELECTRIC: (ADJUST HEAD AND FOOT OF BED WITH CONTROL, bed height is adjusted MANUALLY at foot of the bed)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When does SCAT6 have good clinical utility/best able to discriminate between concussed and non concussed athletes in acute stages…

A

First 72 hours post injury, up to 5-7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Functional balance problems

A

STEADI 4 STAGE, FSST, mini best

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

MOTOR AND SENSORY STRATEGY PROBLMES ARE

A

REACTIVE POSTURAL CONTROL ISSUES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Anticipatory postural control issues are

A

Ability to recover stability after external perturbations (strategies)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Shifting COM before voluntary movement like stepping-lift leg, arm raise, head turn

A

Sensory organization issue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Individual balance is what 3 things

A

Motor
Sensory cognitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Task balance is

A
  1. Steady state
  2. Proactive
  3. Reactive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Environment components of balance

A
  1. Support surfaces
  2. Sensory context
  3. Cognitive load
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Stages of motor learning for balance in the individual

A

Skill acquisition
Refinement
Retention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Environment balance sensory context

A
  1. Visual conditions
  2. Sensory agreement
  3. Sensory conflict
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

For patients with PD, ___ when performing concurrent verbal task
CVA/TBI ___ sway with dual task

A

Decreased postural stability
Increased sway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Postural adaptation problems are due to
Decreased ability to recruit agonist mm in response to big perturbation (strength) Decreased modulation of response amplitude to different perturbation sizes (cerebellar) Increased compensatory sway in opposite direction (anterior cerebellar lesions and MS)
26
Impaired central set
Inability to change movement strategies quickly to adapt to changes in demands BASAL GANGLIA
27
Reactive balance retraining
Multi directions, different perturbations Goal: strategies! Hip ankle, step
28
Anticipatory balance retraining
Voluntary sway Self initiated sway Wobble board, bosu ball, dyna discs
29
Treatment of timing problem for balance
BWSTT, FES
30
Treatment of timing problem for balance
BWSTT, FES
31
Treatment of amp problem
Start small perturbations then progress to large Scaling problem: computerized program like balance master
32
What can we do with patients who have dyssynergia?
1. Stability: rhythmic stabilization/alternating isometrics 2. Slow reversal/holds for controlled mobility
33
FRENKEL IS FOR
DYSMETRIA
34
Strokes where cause hemiparesis of arm?
MCA BG Internal capsule Subcortical white matter Pyramidal tracts in brainstem
35
Which joint in the shoulder is a major contributor to pain/disability?
GH
36
_% of stroke survivors experience at least one episode of shoulder pain within first year of post stroke
72%
37
What can cause painful hemiplegic shoulder?
Frozen shoulder Neuropathy traction/compression CPRS Shoulder trauma Bursitis/tendinitis Rotator cuff tear HO
38
Inferior subluxation due to
Scapula downward rotation (low rotator cuff, Serratus) Glenoid fossa downward Humoral internal rotation when elbow extended
39
Anterior GH subluxation due to
Down pull of lats Vertical orientation of glenoid Scapula elevation on thorax Humerus hyperextends, internal rotation
40
Superior subluxation is due to
Deltoid spasticity/biceps Scapula rotate down, elevate on thorax Humoral head internally rotates and pull up under acromion
41
Bad things about shoulder supports
Not permanent Reinforce flexion synergy patterns Facilitation of contractures
42
Good and bad about FES for shoulder subluxation
Good: reduce subluxation, pain immediately Bad: not permanent changes
43
With frozen shoulder, what are possible treatments?
1. Maximize ROM 2. Meds for pain 3. Ice for acute, heat for stretch 4. STM 5. Estim 6. Motor block to sub scap and pecs for spasticity
44
Treatment of brachial plexus injury
AROM/PROM avoiding traction 45 degree shoulder abduction sling for night Shoulder support while walking Armrest in wheelchair (Heal 8-12 months)
45
HO usually occurs where in the hemiplegic shoulder?
Infrequent but happens Extensor side of elbow Gentle mobilization, ETRIDONATE/indomethacin
46
If lateral zone is damaged, what do you see in cerebellum clinical signs
1. Dysdiadochokinesia 2. Dysmetria 3. Dyssynergia 4. Decomposition
47
HYPOTONIA Oculomotor deficits Imbalance Falls Gait ataxia *signs of cerebellar __ zone damaged
Medial (vermis, fastigial)
48
Flocculonodular lobe damage leads to
1. Nystagmus 2. Impaired VOR 3. Imbalance
49
Intermediate zone (spine cerebellum globose and emboli form)
Imbalance Gait ataxia Tremor Lack of check Dysdiadochokinesia Dysmetria
50
Cerebellar Dysmetria is greatly exacerbated by
Multi joint movements (Graph with elbow movement is fine, elbow and shoulder is hypermetria)
51
Cerebellar tremor is caused by insufficient ____ and excessive _____
Insufficient anticipatory effects of movement Excessive reliance on feedback (SENSORY CONDITIONS) *reduced when vision is removed, during isometric conditions
52
Individuals with cerebellar damage need to use ___ instead of adaptive motor learning (also called trial and error-sensory prediction error) bc they can’t do it
Conscious control strategies (think more, less distractions) Use dependent motor learning (repeated practice of a movement pattern) Reward/reinforcement learning
53
Tests for limb coordination in cerebellum
Finger to nose Alternating forearm sup-pron Hand finger tapping Heel to knee, foot or toe tapping *compare both sides, repeat multiple times on same limb *as fast as possible and SLOW *compare with or without vision *
54
When testing limb in coordination, be careful to distinguish from
1. Balance deficits (maybe can’t sit in unsupport sitting) 2. Vision/diplopia
55
What should you look out for with testing posture/balance in cerebellum patients?
1. Nausea/vertigo 2. Observe for postural tremor=TITUBATION 3. Lack of check
56
Why is endurance in CV and MSK system for cerebellum so important?
Movements are often exaggerated and effortful, so they need good endurance for safe ADLs
57
What two scales are used for cerebellar ataxia?
ICARS SARA
58
How often to schedule interventions for cerebellum dysfunction
Frequent 10 hours/week Long: 6 months
59
What compensations help cerebellum dysfunction?
Slow Wide BOS Visual cues Maybe AD? Could be too hard to coordinate NO DISTRACTIONS
60
GG codes
6: independent 5: set up/clean up 4: supervision 3: partial/mod assist 2. Substantial/max assist 1: dependent
61
TBI outcome measures
JFK GCS Goat Ranches FIM DRS
62
Orpington Prognostic Scale for stroke
Less than 3.2 mild Over 5.2-6.8 severe (dependent)
63
Organization of movement for MCML and task analysis: Individual: 3 parts Task: 3 parts Environment: reg/non reg
Individual: perception, action, cognition (PAC) Task: mobility, manipulation, stability (MMS) Environment: stationary or MOTION
64
Task categories 1-4
Closed Variable motionless: stationary objects, but different sizes/shapes Consistent motion (escalator) Open
65
Task categories 1-4
Closed Variable motionless: stationary objects, but different sizes/shapes Consistent motion (escalator) Open
66
7 commandments of PNF
1. Manual contacts 2. Commands 3. Stretch 4. Traction: movement, approx: stability 5. Max resistance 6. Normal timing 7. Reinforcement (timing for emphasis)
67
Elements of postural control
1. Trunk 2. Midline orientation 3. Weight shift over BOS 4. Head control 5. Limb function
68
Predictors of walking post stroke
80% do walk! 98% walked at 6 months IF 1. Independent sitting first 3 days LE strength 1/5 hip flex, knee extension, ankle DF in 3 days
69
If BBS below 20 and FIM 1-2, then
20x more likely to be home bound
70
Recovery for UE post stroke
Shoulder and mid finger in first 3 months
71
Essential neuroanatomy for walking
1. Mm and peripheral nerves 2. SCPG 3. Medullary reticular formation: decision to walk, driving center *symmetrical and gait speed! 4. Mesencephalic locomotor region: cats! Modulate speed 5. Subthalamic locomotor region: goal
72
Core outcome measures post stroke
BBS FGA ABC 10meter walk 6MWT 5xSTS
73
MAS
0 none 1 slight increase, catch and release 1+ more increase, catch and more tone 2 more increase but easily moved 3 difficult PROM 4 CONTRACTURE
74
TARDIEU SCALE
V1,2 3 (VELOCITY 1 slow, 2, gravity 3 fast) X: 0 no resistance 4 unfatigable clonus Y: angle R1, R2
75
Adverse effects of baclofen pump
Sedation Respiratory depression Decreased cardiac function Hypotonia Mm weakness Confusion, disorientation Nausea/vomit Coma
76
Signs of sympathetic storming
Agitation Diaphoresis HTN High heart rate, breathing Posturing Dilated pupils *15-33% of patients with severe TBI
77
DRS scale is for
Coma to community BFS, disability/activity and participation 0 -29 (high disability: vegetative state)
78
___ is normal score for O log (progress out of PTA)
25/30
79
1 hour-1 day PTA is considered
Moderate 1-7 days severe 0-60 min is mild
80
Verbal apraxia
Aphemia

FALL2 NEURO (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions