INTRO TO HEALTHCARE

Question 1

“_______ is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity.”-

Answer 1

health

Question 2

“A resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. ____ is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities”

Answer 2

health

Question 3

refers to the ability of a body to adapt to new threats and infirmities

Answer 3

health

Question 4

DIFFERENT TYPES OF HEALTH

Answer 4

Physical
Mental
Spiritual
Emotional
Social
Environmental

Question 5

refers to the state of your physical body and how well it is operating.

Answer 5

Physical health

Question 6

promotes proper care of our bodies for optimal health and functioning

Answer 6

Physical health

Question 7

Components of Physical health

Answer 7

▪ Physical activity – includes strength, flexibility, and endurance.
▪ Nutrition and diet – includes nutrient intake, fluid intake, and healthy digestion.
▪ Alcohol and drugs – includes the abstinence from or reduced consumption of these substances.
▪ Medical self-care – includes addressing minor ailments or injuries and seeking emergency care as
necessary.
▪ Rest and sleep – includes periodic rest and relaxation, along with high-quality sleep.

Question 8

______ is a level of psychological well-being or an absence of mental illness.

Answer 8

Mental health

Question 9

It is the “psychological state of someone who is functioning at a satisfactory level of
emotional and behavioral adjustment”

Answer 9

Mental health

Question 10

According to WHO, the determinants of Mental Health include:

Answer 10

Individual psychological and biological factors such as emotional skills, substance use, and
genetics can make people more vulnerable to mental health problems.

Question 11

Examples of mental self-care activities include:

Answer 11

o Getting regular exercise
o Reading a book
o Learning a new hobby or skill
o Listening to a podcast
o Doing a digital detox
o Practicing mindfulness

Question 12

_____ refers to possessing, meaning, and purpose in life; having a clear set of beliefs, and living by your morals, values, and ethics.

Answer 12

SPIRITUAL HEALTH

Question 13

Essentially it means understanding and having a clear definition of what is right and wrong and
living according to this understanding.

Answer 13

SPIRITUAL HEALTH

Question 14

Many factors play a part in defining spirituality –

Answer 14

– religious faith, beliefs, values, ethics,
principles, and morals.

Question 15

______ allows us to find the inner calm and peace needed to get through whatever life brings, no matter what one’s beliefs are or where they may be on your spiritual journey.

Answer 15

Spirituality

Question 16

Ways to Improve Spiritual Health:

Answer 16

o Connect with your faith community
o Volunteer or help others
o Practice yoga
o Meditate
o Keep a journal
o Spend time in nature
o Focus on your hobbies
o Speak with a chaplain or someone you trust

Question 17

________ is often described as the capacity to identify and manage your emotions and
feelings, as well as the emotions of those around you. It involves developing the ability to
express and manage emotions in healthy ways, such as being able to handle stress and take
responsibility for your own feelings.

Answer 17

Emotional health

Question 18

_________ also involves having a good understanding of your self-worth, regulating your emotions, and maintaining good relationships with others.

Answer 18

Emotional health

Question 19

_______ are caused by a reaction to a situation or person and may even be the result of past experiences or trauma.

Answer 19

Emotional triggers

Question 20

______ can cause one to feel overwhelmed and emotionally unstable, often resulting in feelings of sadness, fear, and anger.

Answer 20

triggers

Question 21

_______ can be defined as our ability to interact and form meaningful relationships with
others. It also relates to how comfortably we can adapt to social situations. Social relationships
have an impact on our mental health, physical health, and mortality risk.

Answer 21

Social health

Question 22

We interact with people every day. Maintaining a good level of social wellness lets you build
interpersonal relationships with others. These relationships include friendships, intimate
relationships, family, and professional (work) relationships.

Answer 22

Social Health

Question 23

________ examines the interaction between the environment and health.

Answer 23

Environmental health

Question 24

_______ refers to aspects of human health (including quality of life) that are determined by physical, chemical, biological, social, and psychosocial factors in the
environment.

Answer 24

Environmental health

Question 25

The environment in which we live is a major determinant of our health and well-being. We depend on the environment for energy and the materials needed to sustain life, such as:

Answer 25

o Clean air o Safe drinking water o Nutritious food o Safe places to live.

Question 26

_____ is the active pursuit of activities, choices, and lifestyles that lead to a state of holistic health- Global Wellness Institute

Answer 26

WELLNESS

Question 27

_______ is the act of practicing healthy habits on a daily basis to attain better physical and mental health outcomes so that instead of just surviving, you’re thriving.- Pfizer

Answer 27

WELLNESS

Question 28

______ failure of the body defense mechanism to cope with forces tending to disturb body equilibrium.

Answer 28

DISEASE

Question 29

Ecologic concept of disease based on 3 premises of the biologic laws:

Answer 29

▪ Disease is a result of the imbalance between the forces of the agent and the host ▪ The resulting imbalance depends on the nature of the agent and the host ▪ The nature of the agent and the host and their interaction depend on the environment

Question 30

Disease is a result of the imbalance between the forces of the ___ and the ____

Answer 30

agent and host

Question 31

The resulting imbalance depends on the nature of the ___ and the ___

Answer 31

agent and host

Question 32

The nature of the ___ and the ___ and their interaction depend on the _____

Answer 32

agent host and environment

Question 33

Natural History of Disease

Answer 33

1. Portal of Entry 2. Incubation Period 3. Clinical Manifestation of disease or Clinical Horizon 4. Outcome of Disease 5. Period of Communicability

Question 34

1. Portal of Entry

Answer 34

* a. Respiratory tract * b. Genito- Urinary tract * c. Gastro-intestinal tract d. Skin e. Blood stream

Question 35

* Interval between the time of entry of the agent into the host and onset of signs and symptoms of disease, it varies from one disease to another

Answer 35

2. Incubation Period

Question 36

*Characteristic signs and symptoms appear like: *a. Fever *b. Rash *c. Other symptoms like jaundice ex: viral hepatitis, yellow fever, leptospirosis, infectious mononucleosis syphilis, fatigue, convulsions *Nausea and vomiting and other localized symptoms like diarrhea, cough, pain, and local swelling *Measurement of physiologic data is abnormal ex: temperature, pulse, respiration *Positive laboratory tests of urine, blood, stools, etc.

Answer 36

3. Clinical Manifestation of disease or Clinical Horizon

Question 37

4. Outcome of Disease

Answer 37

* a. Chronic condition * b. Carrier state * c. Temporary disability * d. Permanent disability * e. Death * f. Complete recovery

Question 38

* The period during which the patient is infectious

Answer 38

5. Period of Communicability

Question 39

____ is the organic body where the agent depends for survival

Answer 39

HOST

Question 40

Vehicles and Condition of transmission:

Answer 40

1. Contact Transmission 2. Vehicle Transmission 3. Vector transmissions 4. Airborne

Question 41

____ is the substance or force whose presence or absence causes disease

Answer 41

AGENT

Question 42

Types of disease agent

Answer 42

Biologic, Physical, Chemical, Nutrient, Mechanical

Question 43

Disease agent

Answer 43

arthropods helminths protozoa fungi bacteria rickettsia viruses

Question 44

____ is the sum of all forces that influence the growth and development of an organism

Answer 44

ENVIRONMENT

Question 45

Components of Environmental health

Answer 45

Physical Socio-economic Biologic

Question 46

This includes the geological structure of the area such as the hills, valleys, plateaus, soil, and rock composition, and the presence of water, plants, etc.

Answer 46

Physical environment

Question 47

- A fertile area may favor the development of arthropods, particularly in swampy places; dusty deserts harbor fungus and bacterial spores. - Weather, climate, and seasons also influence the type of communicable disease present. - The physical environment is an important factor in successful parasitism

Answer 47

Physical Environment

Question 48

- The richer the area, the better the environmental sanitation, disposal of sewage and garbage, availability of medical facilities, etc. - All these cost money.

Answer 48

Socio- economic environment

Question 49

- This includes the “universe of living things that surround man, all else than man himself.” - These are the animals man uses for food and for the beast of burden, plants he uses for food, etc., the arthropods and microorganisms found in the air, soil and water

Answer 49

Biologic environment

Question 50

Reservoirs of Infections are:

Answer 50

▪ Man ▪ Animal ▪ Inanimate organic matter ▪ Plant ▪ Soil

Question 51

Sources of Infections:

Answer 51

Thing, person, object or substance from which an infectious agent passes immediately to a host