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Hem/Onc > intro to hematology > Flashcards

intro to hematology Flashcards

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1
Q

reduction in total number of RBCs, amount of Hb or RBC mass in circulation

A

anemia

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2
Q

increase in total number of RBCs, Hb and RBC mass in circulation

A

Polycythemia

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3
Q

variation in size, RDW > 14.5%

A

Anisocytosis

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4
Q

variation in shape

A

Poikilocytosis

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5
Q

increased in reticulocytes in the peripheral blood stream due to being released prematurely is called ?

A

Polychromasia

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6
Q

central pallor > 1/3rd the size of RBC

A

hypochromia

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7
Q

abnormally smaller RBC, lower MCV

A

microcytosis

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8
Q

abnormally large RBC, high MCV

A

macrocytosis

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9
Q

irregularly spiculated RBC (i.e. abetalipoproteinemia)

A

Acanthocyte

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10
Q

RBCs with short, regular spicules (i.e. uremia)

A

Echinocyte

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11
Q

RBC without central pallor

A

Spherocyte
i.e.hereditary spherocytosis

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12
Q

Elliptical RBC

A

Ovalocyte
(i.e. hereditary elliptocytosis)

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13
Q

Fragmented, bi- or tripolar spiculated RBC (i.e DIC)

A

Schistocyte

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14
Q

bipolar spiculated RBC (i.e.sickle cell disease)

A

sickle cell

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15
Q

Mouth-like deformity (i.e.hereditary stomatocytosis)

A

Stomatocyte

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16
Q

RBC with concentric circles (i.e. thalassemias)

A

target cell

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17
Q

unipolar spiculated RBC (i.e. myelofibrosis)

A

tear drop

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18
Q

whole blood comprise ____% of total body weight

A

7-8%

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19
Q

avg male have __ pints of blood, while avge female have ___ pints

A

12, 9

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20
Q

5 functions of blood

A
  1. oxygen and nutrient transportation
  2. blood loss prevention - clotting
  3. immune response to fight infection
  4. carries waste to kidney and liver
  5. body temp regulation
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21
Q

4 components of whole blood

A
  1. plasma
  2. RBC
  3. WBC
  4. platelets
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22
Q

where do blood cells come from?

A

produced in bone marrow
extramedullary sites include liver and spleen

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23
Q

plasma is mostly ___ absorbed from _____

Study These Flashcards
A

water and salt
intestinal lining

24
Q

translucent, thin fluid that transports blood cells, proteins, etc., and helps maintain blood pressure

25
plasma is composed of 90% water, the remainder is (5)
1. proteins 2. hormones 3. insulin 4. electrolytes 5. nutrients
26
most abundant blood cell
RBC
27
primary role of RBC
oxygenation of tissues
28
RBC production is stimulated by __
erythropoietin
29
lifespan of RBC
120 d
30
primary role of WBC
fight off foreign cells (infection)
31
5 types of WBC
1. neutrophil 2. lymphocyte 3. monocyte 4. eosinophil 5. basophil
32
which WBC is the most abundant and what is their lifespan
neutrophil, <1d
33
erythropoietin comes from the __
kidneys
34
cell fragment, without a nucleus, helps with clotting, stimulated by thrombopoietin lifespan of 7-10d
platelets
35
thrombopoietin released by ____
liver and kidney
36
increased WBC
leukocytosis
37
decreased WBC
leukopenia
38
increased RBC
erythrocytosis
39
decreased RBC
erythrocytopenia
40
why do males and females have a different normal RBC range?
different sex hormones
41
a 4-part protein molecule that carries O2 and CO2
hemoglobin
42
5 variables for hemoglobin
1. sex - higher hgb in males 2. age - higher hgb in young infants 3. high alt/smokers - higher hgb 4. pregnancy - lower hgb 5. ethnicity - slight variations among each group
43
a ratio of volume of RBC to volume of blood is called ? formula?
hemotocrit Hct = hgb * 3
44
the amount (weight) of hemoglobin per RBC, directly related to RBC size
mean corpuscular hemoglobin MCH
45
low MCH =
hypochromia
46
high MCH =
hyperchromia
47
what lab value shows the color of RBC
MCH
48
avg hgb conc in each RBC is called ?
mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
49
what is the difference between MCHC vs MHC
MCHC measurement (%) takes the volume or size of the red blood cell into account while MCH (#) does not
50
measures the % of RBC that fall out of normal range in size, directly related to changes in MCV
red cell distribution width RDW
51
increased RDW in condition that alter RBC size (high/low MCV) and with reticulocytosis
anisocytosis
52
low plt =
thrombocytopenia
53
high plt =
thrombocytosis/thrombocythemia
54
reflects avg size of platelets
mean platelet volume (MPV)
55
increased MPV with increased platelet production means
younger platelets are larger in size
56
manually assesses blood cell morphology and cell count, visualization of neoplastic cells derived from bone marrow
peripheral blood smear

Hem/Onc (13 decks)

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