Intro to Human Performance Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is physiology?
The branch of biological science concerned with the function of organisms and their parts, combining anatomy, biophysics, molecular biology, and biochemistry.
What is exercise physiology?
A branch of physiology that deals with the functioning of the body during exercise.
What factors do physiological responses depend on?
-Intensity, duration, and frequency of exercise
-environmental circumstances,
-diet,
-physical status of the individual.
What are the stresses of the human body?
-Environmental
-exercise
-emotional
-emergency situations.
Who is responsible for adjusting to stressors in the human body?
The nervous system.
What is the role of the endocrine system in response to continuous stressors?
It helps mediate those stressors and supports what the nervous system does.
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of a constant bodily environment within narrow limits via a dynamic equilibrium.
What is the set point for human body temperature?
36.5-37.5 degrees Celsius.
What happens when a stressor deviates from the homeostatic state?
It causes a deviation in the cellular environment, leading to cellular adjustment.
What determines how long we can stay at a new set point during exercise?
Intensity and duration.
How many fluid locations are there in the body?
Three: two extracellular (interstitial fluid/intercellular fluid and plasma volume) and intracellular fluid.
What is interstitial mean?
The microscopic spaces that exist between cells.
What is extracellular fluid (ECF)?
Fluid that is critical for the viability of cells, containing concentrations of nutrients and electrically charged particles.
What are the three conditions for a state of homeostasis in the internal environment (ECF)?
Optimum concentration of gases
optimum temperature
optimum pressure.
What is the role of the hypothalamus?
It regulates what the pituitary gland does.
What are the three parts of a negative feedback system?
1.) Sensor - detects deviation from normality, 2.) Controller - compares sensory input to the set point and initiates corrective action, 3.) Series of Effectors - bring out the corrective action.
What is the primary by-product of all physical activity?
Heat (Unuseable)
What are the five mechanisms for temperature adjustments (effectors)?
1.) Blood vessels/vasomotion
2.) Hormonal activity
3.) Pseudomotor activity
4.) Voluntary or involuntary motor activity
5.) Behavioral adjustments.
