Intro To Microbiology

Question 1

What is microbiology?

Answer 1

Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.

Question 2

True or False: Microorganisms are visible to the naked eye.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Fill in the blank: Microbiology is the study of ________.

Answer 3

microorganisms

Question 4

True or False: Microorganisms play a crucial role in nutrient recycling.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What is the importance of studying microbiology in the medical field?

Answer 5

Health
Disease
Infection control
Treatment/management and resistance
Clinical appearance
Medical connection
Local and global impact

Question 6

Fill in the blank: Microorganisms are ________-celled organisms.

Answer 6

single

Question 7

What is the size range of microorganisms?

Answer 7

Microorganisms range in size from a few micrometers to submicron levels.

Question 8

True or False: Microorganisms are not present in extreme environments like hot springs.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

What are extremophiles in microbiology?

Answer 9

Microorganisms that thrive in extreme environments; extreme temperatures salinity.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: Microorganisms are essential for maintaining the ________ of ecosystems.

Answer 10

balance

Question 11

True or False: Microorganisms are not involved in the production of antibiotics.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms?

Answer 12

Prokaryotic microorganisms lack a true nucleus, while eukaryotic microorganisms have a defined nucleus.

Question 13

What is an acidophile?

Answer 13

Bacteria that thrive under highly acidic conditions, optimum pH level 3-4.

Question 14

What is a neutrophile?

Answer 14

Bacteria that thrive under neutral conditions, optimum pH level 6-7.

Question 15

What is an alkaliphile?

Answer 15

Bacteria that thrive under highly alkaline conditions, optimum pH level 9-10.

Question 16

What Bacteria that grow best in very hot temperatures, optimum growth range 90-100 degrees?

Answer 16

Hyperthermophiles

Question 17

Microorganisms that grow best at low temperatures, optimum growth range 5-10 degrees.

Answer 17

Psychophiles

Question 18

Microorganisms that grow best at high temperatures, optimum growth range 60-70 degrees?

Answer 18

Thermophiles

Question 19

Microorganisms that grow best in moderate temperature, optimum growth range 30-45 degrees?

Answer 19

Mesophiles

Question 20

What is the structure of eukaryotes?

Answer 20

Large and complex
Clearly defined nucleus
Membrane bound organelles
Single or multi cellular

Question 21

What is the structure of prokaryotes?

Answer 21

Small and simple
Nucleoid with no membrane
Lacks internal membrane and organelles
Always unicellular

Question 22

How do microorganisms cause disease?

Answer 22

Entering the body, multiplying, and damaging cells

Question 23

Environmental microbial growth considerations?

Answer 23

Temperature
pH
Water
Light
Nutrition
Respiration

Question 24

What are the products of metabolism?

Answer 24

Metabolites

Question 25

Toxins produced and secreted by bacteria

Answer 25

Exotoxins

Question 26

Toxins released from outer cell wall when bacteria dies and wall breaks apart

Answer 26

Endotoxins

Question 27

What is the Incubation period?

Answer 27

The time between exposure to a pathogen and when symptoms first appear.

Question 28

What is the Prodromal period

Answer 28

Early stage of disease or infection when the first signs and symptoms appear but before more severe symptoms develop.

Question 29

Innocuous

Answer 29

Not harmful or offensive

Question 30

Virulence

Answer 30

Pathogens or microorganisms ability to cause damage to a host

Question 31

Environmental microbial growth considerations

Answer 31

Temperature pH Water Light Nutrition Respirstion

Question 32

In what light conditions do microorganisms grow best in?

Answer 32

Darkness UV light is lethal and can be used in some types of sterilisation.

Question 33

What are Mesophiles?

Answer 33

Grow best in moderate temperature, optimum growth range 30-45 degrees.

Question 34

What are Thermophiles?

Answer 34

Grow best at high temperatures, optimum growth range 60-70 degrees.

Question 35

What are Psychrophiles?

Answer 35

Grow best at low temperatures, optimum growth range 5-10 degrees.

Question 36

What are Hyperthermophiles?

Answer 36

Grow best in very hot temperatures, optimum growth range 90-100 degrees.

Question 37

What is an Acidophile?

Answer 37

Thrive best under highly acidic conditions, optimum pH level 3-4.

Question 38

What is a Neutrophile?

Answer 38

Thrives best under neutral conditions, optimum pH level 6-7.

Question 39

What is an Alkaliphile?

Answer 39

Thrive best under highly alkaline conditions, optimum pH level 9-10.