Intro To Microbiology Flashcards
(44 cards)
What are prokaryotes? Do they have a nucleus?
Organisms whose cells lack a nucleus. Found in bacteria and contains plasmids
What is a Eukaryotes?
A type of organism that contains a nucleus and chromosomes. Can be found in animals and plants.
What is a cytoplasm?
Fluid mostly composed of water that fills a cell. Responsible for cell’s chemical reactions and functions.
What is a cell wall?
Acts as a protective barrier
What is a peptidoglycan?
A structural polymer found within cell wall
In a gram positive bacterium the peptidoglycan is?
Appears much thicker.
In a gram negative bacterium the peptidoglycan is?
Appears much thinner.
What is bacterial DNA?
Contains the genetic sequences encoding all of the structural and functional components of the cell.
What is a plasmid?
A circular piece of double stranded DNA capable of replicating on its own.
What is a capsule?
The outermost protective layer made of polysaccharides. Makes bacteria harder to kill with disinfectants.
What do lipopolysaccharides (LPS) cause?
Endotoxic shock
What is pleomorphic?
Bacteria that can assume more than one shape
What shape is a staphylococcus?
Cluster of grapes
What are common bacteria shapes?
Coccus, coccobacillus, rod, and spiral
What is a flagella?
Helps bacteria move
How many strings does a monotrichous have?
One
How many strings does a amphitrichous have?
One on each end (two)
How many strings does A lophotrichous have?
Multiple on just one side
How many strings does a peritrichous have?
Multiple all over
What is a pili?
Long thick hair like structure made of proteins sometimes used for sexual reproduction
What is a fimbriae?
Tiny bristle - like structures distributed evenly over the entire surface of the cell.
Gram positive stains?
Blue
Gram negative stains?
Red
What is the mycobacterium genus?
Contain mycolic acids and complex lipids.
