Intro to Paeds Flashcards
(46 cards)
Average weight of healthy newborn?
2.5kg-4.5kg
Puberty in Girls and Boys
Puberty – 11-12 to 15-17 girls 12-13 to 16-17 boys
Weight gain and Average daily weight gain of full-term newborn
Weight gain: neonate generally lose 5-8% (max 10%) weight during 1st 2-3 days of life which is regained by the 10th day
• Average daily weight gain: 30g within 1st 3 months
Define LBW
Low birth weight (LBW) is defined as an absolute birth weight of less than 2500g regardless of
gestational age
Define Large and Small for Gestational Age
Large for gestational age is defined as a birth weight greater than the 90th percentile for age in pre-term, term or post term
• Small for gestation age is defined as a birth weight lower than the 1oth percentile for age in a preterm, term of post term infant
Prematurity define by what week?
Occurs before the stat of the 37th week
What does the APGAR Scoring System encompass?
Breathing effort Heart rate Muscle tone Reflexes Skin color
Moro Reflex?
- Explain it
- when does it occur and disappear
- Most imp reflex easy to elicit is head drop method
- Can be elicited in all infants during 1st 12w
- > disappears by 6 months of age
Moro Reflex Absence
Absence:
compromised condition or disorder including
birth injury, severe birth asphyxia,
intracranial haemorrhage, infection, brain malformation,
general muscle weakness of any cause
and spastic type of cerebral palsy
Moro Reflex Asymmetry
• Asymmetry: of local injury, to peripheral nerve or clavicle fracture
Moro Reflex Retention
• Retention: mental retardation w/o motor disturbance incl downs and severe brain malformation
Palmar Grasp Reflex
appears when?
During 1st 3m, disappearing by 6m
Palmar grasp refelx absence shows?
peripheral or spinal cord invl especially regarding symmetrical responses
Rooting reflex appears when? and helps with what?
It disappears around 3-4 months of age – becomes voluntary head turning
• Helps baby locate mother’s nipple w/o her directing the baby’s mouth
Sucking and Swallowing Reflex disappears when?
when voluntary feeding is achieved
Eye blink reflex appears when?
Starts to appear at 3-4 months of age, so it’s expected to be absent in a new-born
• Its present in all 1y/o children and is permanent
Tonic Neck Reflex appears and disappears when?
emerges at 18th week in utero and dimnishes completely 3-6 months after birth.
Glanat reflex = Spinal Reflex
should disappear 3-9 months
Babinski Reflex disappears when?
8months -2 years
Neonatal Normal Weight Loss?
Considered normal: o In the 1st 5-7 days of life o 5% weight loss for a formula-fed o 7-10% weight loss for breastfed • The birth weight should be regained by most babies by 10-14 days
Physiological Jaundice
appears in 50-70% of full tern new borns and in 80% of preterm and it disappears between 7-14 days
Levels of Physiological Jaundice in Full-term
In full term new-borns it usually appears at the end of the second days of life, the mean bilirubin
level is 10-12mg/dL at the end of 3rd day and the peak bilirubin level is 12mg/dL in the 4th day
Levels of Physiological Jaundice in pre-term
In preterm infants t usually appears between day 3-4 the mean bilirubin level is between 10-
12mg/dL in the 5th day and the peak bilirubin level is 15mg/dL in the 7th day
Non physiological jaundice
Jaundice occurs less than 24hr after birth w bilirubin level > 7 mg/dL
• Bilirubin level rise at a rate greater than 5 mg/dL/24hr or 0.5 mg/dL/1hr
