INTRO TO PARASITOLOGY

Question 1

a host wherein a parasite undergoes sexual maturity

Answer 1

Definitive hosts

Question 2

host which harbors the larval stages of the parasite

Answer 2

intermediate hosts

Question 3

host that transfers the parasite / no development occurs but parasite remains alive and infective

Answer 3

Paratenic/ transport host

Question 4

Type of host-parasite relationship where only one partner benefits from the association but the host is neither helped nor harmed

Answer 4

Commensalism

Question 5

Host that allows the parasite’s life cycle to continue ; any animal that harbors an infection that can be transmitted to humans

Answer 5

Reservoir host

Question 6

Organisms that can’t exist without a host

Answer 6

Obligate parasites

Question 7

Transmits parasites to humans/animals

Answer 7

Vector

Question 8

parasites found in animals are transmitted to humans thru consumption

Answer 8

Zoonosis

Question 9

parasites live outside the host in an external environment within a protective egg shell or cyst

Answer 9

Free living parasites

Question 10

may live either parasitic or free-living existence ; either obligate or freeliving

Answer 10

Facultative parasites

Question 11

produced by endoparasites (inside the body)

Answer 11

Infection

Question 12

produced by ectoparasite on skin surface, head lice (pediculus humans capitis), scabies

Answer 12

Infestation

Question 13

relationship that is both benefcial to parasite and host

Answer 13

Mutualism

Question 14

the infected person is his own direct source of reexposure via oral anal route

Answer 14

Autoinfection

Question 15

if an individual harboring a parasite is reinfected with the same species of parasite

Answer 15

Superinfection

Question 16

body of knowledge concerning disease in human populations or communities rather than an individual

Answer 16

Epidemiology

Question 17

when disease in human population maintains a steady , moderate level

Answer 17

endemic

Question 18

when disease in human population has a high prevalence

Answer 18

hyperendemic

Question 19

disease is disseminated over extensive areas of the world

Answer 19

Pandemic

Question 20

a sharp rise in the incidence or outbreak of disease

Answer 20

Epidemic

Question 21

appears only occassionally in one or few members of the community

Answer 21

Sporadic

Question 22

multi cellular parasites

Answer 22

Helminths

Question 23

host harbors the parasite WITHOUT demonstrating symptoms

Answer 23

Carrier

Question 24

Classification of Helminths

Answer 24

a. Nematodes (roundworms)
b. Platyhelminths (flatworms)
- trematodes (flukeworms)
- cestodes (tapeworms)
c. Acanthocephalans (thorny headed worms)

Question 25

thorny headed worms

Answer 25

Acanthocephalans

Question 26

unicellular parasites

Answer 26

Protozoa

Question 27

Classification of Protozoa

Answer 27

a. Sarcodina b. Mastigophora c. Ciliophora d. Sporozoa

Question 28

classification of protozoa wherein there is movement through pseudopods

Answer 28

Sarcodina

Question 29

classification of protozoa which refers to the flagellates

Answer 29

Mastigophora

Question 30

one partner benefits at the expense of the other

Answer 30

Parasitism

Question 31

Locomotor organelles

Answer 31

- Pseudopodia - Flagella - Cilia

Question 32

tiny, hair like structures composed of kinetids

Answer 32

Cilia

Question 33

classification of protozoa which refers to the ciliates

Answer 33

Ciliophora

Question 34

basic unit of cilia that has slender protuberances

Answer 34

kinetids

Question 35

classification of protozoa wherein the organisms has an adult stage that is not motile

Answer 35

Sporozoa

Question 36

slender, whip like structures

Answer 36

flagella

Question 37

lashlike appendage that protrudes from the cell body

Answer 37

Flagella

Question 38

temporary extensions of the cell/plasma membrane and used for locomotion and feeding

Answer 38

Pseudopodia

Question 39

fingerlike projections and utilizes iron from RBC

Answer 39

Pseudopodia

Question 40

Types of Asexual reproduction

Answer 40

Binary Fission & Multiple fission

Question 41

Movement is like protoplasmic streaming (ex. Amoeba)

Answer 41

Pseudopodia

Question 42

Asexual reproduction that has 2 daughter cells

Answer 42

Binary Fission

Question 43

Asexual reproduction wherein the nucleus of the parent diides into many daughter nuclei by repeated divisions

Answer 43

Multiple fission

Question 44

meiosis ; sexual reproduction by union of 2 whole cells ; daughter cells are called gametes

Answer 44

gametogony

Question 45

enzymes released by parasites make it possible for them to digest food available in the environment

Answer 45

Lytic necrosis

Question 46

cellular proliferation and infiltration at the site of the parasite

Answer 46

Stimulation of Host-tissue reaction

Question 47

when the parasite punctures the skin producing wounds

Answer 47

Traumatic damage

Question 48

the entry of an animal parasite may open pathways in the skin or intestinal tract for invasion by other pathogenic microorganisms

Answer 48

Opening of pathways for secondary Invaders

Question 49

arthropods/ vectors introduce toxins to the skin

Answer 49

Toxic & allergic phenomena

Question 50

WBC that proliferates when there is parasitic infection

Answer 50

Eosinophil