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intro to pharmaco Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

basic terms; study of drugs and their interaction iwth living systems

A

pharmacology

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2
Q

encompasses the physicala chemical properties of drugs incluing theeir bichemical and physilogic effects

A

pharmacology

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3
Q

chemical that can affect living processes

A

drugs

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4
Q

study of drugs in humans + in sick patients as well as healthy individuals/volunteers during new drug development

A

clinical pharmaology

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5
Q

use of drugs to dagnose, prevent, or treat disease;

A

pharcamotherapeutics/therapeutics

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6
Q

medical use of drugs

A

therapeutics

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7
Q

oldest soruce of drug

A

plant

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8
Q

one of the major source of drugs utilizing specific body parts, organs, blood and even bodily secretions

A

animal soruce

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9
Q

metallic minerals in mineral soruces

A

gold, zincm iodine, iron, silver

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10
Q

non metallic soources

A

fluorine, slenium, petroluem

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11
Q

from micrboes/bacteria and their compositions, byproducts,or secretions, fungi, etc.

A

microbiological soruces

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12
Q

chemical produced dervied from naturl sources and checmical structure is manipualted

A

semi-/syntehtic

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13
Q

clevages of dna material

A

recombinant dna

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14
Q

insertion of gentic materials into bacterial cultures

A

recombinat dna

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15
Q

how well a drug elicits the desierd response

A

effectiveness

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16
Q

T/F; law requres all drugs be proven effective prio to market release

A

treu

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17
Q

at which a drug cannot produce any harmful effects

A

safety

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18
Q

T/F: there is a safe drug

A

false

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19
Q

drug only elicit desired response it was prescribed

A

selectivity

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20
Q

amount of drug needed tooproduce an effect

A

potency (strenght)

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21
Q

T/F: drug potency depedns on affinity of drug for recpetor (binding)

A

t

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22
Q

T/F: drug potency does not depends on efficaicy (ability to produce an effect )

A

f

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23
Q

whtehr an intervetion produces the expected results under ideal circumstnaces

A

efficacy

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24
Q

pparameter tht measure the degree of beneficia effect under “real world” clinical settings

A

effectiveness

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25
waht dangerous drugs listed as
comprehensive dangerous drugs act of 2002
26
supplied only on special DOH prescription form (yelow rx)
dangeorus drugs (DD, Rx)
27
suppled on ordinary prescrition omrs wth S-2 licensed nmber
controlled drgus (EDD, Rx)
28
medicines can only be obtined w/ a valid prescription
prescription medication (Rx)
29
must only be taken by the person from who they are prescried
prescription medication (Rx)
30
can be puchaed from any licensed retailer (superamrket; genral sales drug)
non-prescription (Non-Rx)
31
still some controls in terms of qauntity, strenght, adn age limit
non-prescription (Non-Rx)
32
do not require prescription but can only be sold by a pharmacist
pharmacy only medication
33
may be stronger preparations of ceratin prescription
pharmacy only medications
34
3 factors determining instesity of drug response
prescribed; administered; concentration at sites
35
medication error; patietn adherence
administration
36
absoprtion, distribution, metabolism, ecretion
pharmacokinetics
37
drug-receptor initeracton, pxs functional state, placebo effectss
pharmacodynamics
38
degree to which a px follows a treatmetn regimen
adherence to drug regimen
39
most common reasons for non-adhernece
freuqent dosing, dneial of illness, poor complrehension of benefits of taking drug, cost
40
T/F; children are less liekly than adults to adehre to a treatment regimen
t
41
recent/concurrent use of another drug/drugs (drug-drug interaction
drug interactions
42
ingestion of food
drug-nutrient interactions
43
ingestion o dietary supplement
dietary supplemet-drug interaction
44
invovles variation in drug response due to the indiviudals genetic makeup
pharmacogentics
45
decrease inn repsonse ot a drug that is used repeatedly
tolerance
46
developmetn of the ability to withstand the previously destructive effect of a drug by MO/tumor cells
resistance
47
what causes antibiotic resistnace?
strains of MOs are no longer killed/inhibited by prevously effective antimicrobial drugs
48
genetic hance resutls from a mutatio/gene acquisition
antibiotic resistance
49
MRSA
methicillin-reisstance staphylococcus aureus
50
VRE
vancomycin-rsistant enterococcus
51
MDR-tB
multi-drug rsistance mycobacterium tuberculosis
52
CRE
carbapenem-resistent eneterobacteriaceae
53
can affect the treatment of a number of disorders
corticosteroid resistance
54
factos of mechinims resistance
infections, oxidative stress, alegen exposure, inflamamtion, deffcient vD3, gentic mutations/variations
55
done on living
in vivo
56
done on lab dish/test tube
in vitro
57
20-100 particiapnts
phase 1
58
gather information on drug
pahsse 1
59
osberve to ee how the medicine/theray works
phase 1
60
may change amount of dose
phae 1
61
usually last for several months
phase 1
62
300 ppl
phase 2
63
obtain prelim data
phase 2
64
focus on safety of drug ; eval on short-term adverse effects
phase 2
65
lasts from months-2 years
phase 2
66
300-3,000 volunters
Phase 3
67
check whether durg actally works to therapeutics
phase 3
68
1-3 years
.phase 3
69
thousands of ppl
phase 4
70
diir has been approved by fda
phase 4
71
resaerches continue to chefck befits and risks
phase 4
72
info on long-term afet, effectivess, andothe rbenefits
pphase 4
73
catergorzed based of the soruce of decision
product recal
74
one of manufactuers procust when they decided to have their product withdrawn
voluntary recal
75
done when eval of PRC shows there is no reasons to beleve tht a health product can be dangeorus
mandatory recal

pharmaco (5 decks)

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