Intro to Physiology and Homeostasis

Question 1

Organisation of Human Body

Answer 1

Cells –> Tissues –> Organs –> Systems

Question 2

Integration of Human Body Functions

Answer 2

Body systems work together as a integrated unit to maintain a healthy body

The normal body function requires coordination of function from molecular and cellular to whole body function

To remain healthy, the human body must maintain highly regulated optimum physiological condiitons

Question 3

Homeostasis

Answer 3

Maintenance of stable internal environment within the body by coordinated physiological mechanisms

Regulated within a narrow range

Apply Knowledge to Homeostasis
- Core concept in health and disease
- Disruption of homeostasis –> disease or death

Question 4

Physiology of Cell Membrane

Answer 4

Much control occurs at level of membrane
Change in membrane potential is central to functionality of nerve and muscle cells
Pharmacological agents

Question 5

Intrinsic Controls

Answer 5

Local controls within an organ

Question 6

Extrinsic Controls

Answer 6

Regulatory mechanisms initiated outside an organ
Accomplished by nervous and endocrine system

Question 7

Feedforward Feedback

Answer 7

Responses made in anticipation of a change

I.e. Responding to cold weather by shivering

Question 8

Positive Feedback

Answer 8

Amplifies an initial change

I.e. Oxytocin from Posterior pituitary

Question 9

Negative Feedback

Answer 9

Opposes an initial change

I.e. Blood sugar regulation, Core Body Temp, MABP, Blood Gases, Blood pH

Primary type of homeostatic control mechanisms within the body
Promote stability by regulation of physiological variable within a narrow range

Question 10

Negative Feedback Control System

Answer 10

Deviation in Regulated Variable –> Sensor –> Control Centre –> Effectors –> Compensatory response –> Restoration of regulated variable to desired range –> Reduction of stimulus