Intro to Psych 101

Question 2

What is the first stage of Erikson’s Theory of Social Development?

Answer 2

Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy): Developing trust with reliable caregivers.

Question 3

What is the second stage of Erikson’s Theory of Social Development?

Answer 3

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Early Childhood): Gaining independence.

Question 4

What is the third stage of Erikson’s Theory of Social Development?

Answer 4

Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool): Starting activities and enjoying accomplishments.

Question 5

What is the fourth stage of Erikson’s Theory of Social Development?

Answer 5

Industry vs. Inferiority (School Age): Feeling competent in skills.

Question 6

What is the fifth stage of Erikson’s Theory of Social Development?

Answer 6

Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence): Forming personal identity.

Question 7

What is the sixth stage of Erikson’s Theory of Social Development?

Answer 7

Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood): Establishing intimate relationships.

Question 8

What is the seventh stage of Erikson’s Theory of Social Development?

Answer 8

Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood): Contributing to society.

Question 9

What is the eighth stage of Erikson’s Theory of Social Development?

Answer 9

Integrity vs. Despair (Late Adulthood): Reflecting on life fulfillment.

Question 10

What is the first stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development?

Answer 10

Sensorimotor (Birth to 2 years): Learning through senses and actions.

Question 11

What is the second stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development?

Answer 11

Preoperational (2 to 7 years): Developing language and symbolic thinking.

Question 12

What is the third stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development?

Answer 12

Concrete Operational (7 to 11 years): Logical thinking about concrete events.

Question 13

What is the fourth stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development?

Answer 13

Formal Operational (12 years and up): Abstract and hypothetical reasoning.

Question 14

What is the first level of Kohlberg’s Moral Development?

Answer 14

Pre-conventional Level: Obedience and Punishment Orientation.

Question 15

What is the second level of Kohlberg’s Moral Development?

Answer 15

Individualism and Exchange.

Question 16

What is the third level of Kohlberg’s Moral Development?

Answer 16

Conventional Level: Good Interpersonal Relationships.

Question 17

What is the fourth level of Kohlberg’s Moral Development?

Answer 17

Maintaining Social Order.

Question 18

What is the fifth level of Kohlberg’s Moral Development?

Answer 18

Post-conventional Level: Social Contract and Individual Rights.

Question 19

What is the sixth level of Kohlberg’s Moral Development?

Answer 19

Universal Principles.

Question 20

What are the four types of attachment styles?

Answer 20

• Secure
• Anxious-Ambivalent
• Anxious-Avoidant
• Disorganized

Question 21

What characterizes an authoritative parenting style?

Answer 21

High responsiveness, high demands. Like a coach—firm but caring.

Question 22

What characterizes an authoritarian parenting style?

Answer 22

Low responsiveness, high demands. Like a drill sergeant—strict.

Question 23

What characterizes a permissive parenting style?

Answer 23

High responsiveness, low demands. Like a friend—lenient.

Question 24

What characterizes a neglectful parenting style?

Answer 24

Low responsiveness, low demands. Uninvolved.

Question 25

What is the definition of personality?

Answer 25

Characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make a person unique.

Question 26

What is the difference between internal and external locus of control?

Answer 26

* Internal: Belief that one's actions directly affect outcomes. * External: Belief that external factors dictate outcomes.

Question 27

What are the key concepts of psychodynamic theory?

Answer 27

* Unconscious mind * Id, Ego, and Superego * Defense mechanisms

Question 28

What are the key concepts of social cognitive theory?

Answer 28

* Observational learning * Self-efficacy * Reciprocal determinism

Question 29

What are the key concepts of humanistic theory?

Answer 29

* Self-actualization * Unconditional positive regard * Real self vs. Ideal self

Question 30

What are the five traits in the Five Factor Model?

Answer 30

* Openness to Experience * Conscientiousness * Extraversion * Agreeableness * Neuroticism

Question 31

What is social facilitation?

Answer 31

Performing better in front of an audience.

Question 32

What is altruism?

Answer 32

Helping others without expecting anything in return.

Question 33

What is the bystander effect?

Answer 33

Less likely to help in emergencies when others are present.

Question 34

What is the definition of social roles?

Answer 34

Expected behaviors in social positions.

Question 35

What are the types of leadership styles?

Answer 35

* Transactional Leadership * Transformative Leadership

Question 36

What is scientific management?

Answer 36

Aims to improve efficiency through standardized tasks and time management.

Question 37

What are the types of interviews?

Answer 37

* Structured * Unstructured * Semi-structured * Behavioral * Situational

Question 38

What are the characteristics of psychological disorders?

Answer 38

Deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional behavior patterns.

Question 39

What are the symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder?

Answer 39

Persistent sadness, loss of interest.

Question 40

What is the difference between a therapist and a psychiatrist?

Answer 40

* Therapist: Provides talk therapy, usually holds a master's degree. * Psychiatrist: Medical doctor, can prescribe medication.

Question 41

What is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)?

Answer 41

Combining cognitive and behavioral techniques.

Question 42

What is the focus of behavior therapy?

Answer 42

Changing behavior patterns.