Intro to Psychology

Question 1

What 2 things make something “science”?

Answer 1

1. Claims have to be supported by facts

2. It has to be comparable

Question 2

What are the 4 goals of psychology?

Answer 2

1. Describe
2. Understand
3. Predict
4. Influence/Change/Modify

Question 3

What are the 3 ways of ‘doing’ psych?

Answer 3

1. Teaching
2. Experimental psychologist
3. Applied psychologists

Question 4

Differences b/w psychologist and psychiatrist?

Answer 4

Psychologist:
-PhD/PsyD
-training emphasizes research methods
-not approved to administer medication
-broad fields of study
Psychiatrist:
-MD
-training in treatment of mental behavior/issues
-licensed to prescribe straight out of med school

Question 5

What makes pseudo-psychology not a real science and what are some examples?

Answer 5

It can’t be scientifically backed

ex: horoscopes, palm-readings, fortune telling

Question 6

List the 7 perspectives of psychology

Answer 6

1. Biological 2. Developmental
2. Humanistic 4. Cognitive
3. Behavioral 6. Psychodynamic
4. Sociocultural

Question 7

Biological psych looks at _______ and _______ from many different biological aspects

Answer 7

behavior and emotion

Question 8

What are biological psych’s 2 main fields of study?

Answer 8

Neuroscience and evolutionary psych

Question 9

Which perspective did Rene Descartes contribute to?

Answer 9

Biological

Question 10

What is evolutionary psychology?

Answer 10

Biological bases of mental traits shared by all humans

Question 11

Cognitive psychology views humans as ___________ ___________ systems

Answer 11

Information processing

Question 12

What 2 terms best describe cognitive psych?

Answer 12

Thoughts & mental processes

Question 13

Who are the two main sources of cognitive psych?

Answer 13

Willhelm Wundt and William James

Question 14

What 2 terms best describe behavioral psych?

Answer 14

Learning and environment

Question 15

Who are the main sources of behavioral psych?

Answer 15

B.F. Skinner, John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov

Question 16

What is an example of operant conditioning?

Answer 16

Training a dog and rewarding it with treats

Question 17

What is a humanistic therapist’s main goal?

Answer 17

Help their patient reach their fullest potential

Question 18

Who are the main sources of humanistic psych?

Answer 18

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

Question 19

What do humanistic psychs believe about behavior?

Answer 19

Behavior is influenced by our environment

Question 20

Maslow’s pyramid from top to bottom

Answer 20

1. Self-actualization
2. Self-esteem
3. Love+social belonging
4. Safety
5. Physiological needs

Question 21

What do psychodynamic psychs study?

Answer 21

Processes in our unconscious mind

Question 22

Main source of psychodynamic psych

Answer 22

Sigmund Freud

Question 23

What perspective would not mix well with psychodynamic and why?

Answer 23

Behavioral because it’s external and psycho is internal

Question 24

What’s a Freudian slip?

Answer 24

Accidental remark that comes from the unconscious mind

Question 25

Sources of developmental psych?

Answer 25

Mary Ainsworth and Jean Piaget

Question 26

What do developmental psychs study?

Answer 26

Personal development throughout lifespan

Question 27

What is believed by sociocultural psychs?

Answer 27

Social and cultural influences can overpower other factors

Question 28

Who are the main sources of sociocultural psych?

Answer 28

Stanley Milgram and Philip Zimbardo

Question 29

What is Joseph Gall known for?

Answer 29

Austrian physician who invented phrenology

Question 30

What is phrenology?

Answer 30

Study of correspondence between shape of skull and personality traits

Question 31

Who established the first psych lab?

Answer 31

Willhelm Wundt

Question 32

Who established the first psych lab in the US?

Answer 32

William James

Question 33

What did Signmund Freud's theories help us build our views on?

Answer 33

Childhood, dreams, personality, and sexuality

Question 34

What's structuralism and who studied it?

Answer 34

Breaking down all matter into simple elements (ideas, sensations) and structures, relies on introspection, Wundt and Titchener

Question 35

What's functionalism and who studied it?

Answer 35

Function of behavior, Charles darwin and William James