Intro to Radiology Flashcards
What important legislation is in place regarding Ionising radiation?
ionising radiation regulations 2017
ionising radiation (medical exposure) regulations 2017
What is a radiograph?
An image produced by x-rays passing through an object and interacting with photographic emulsion on a film
What is affected if a digital image is being formed?
A sensor or phosphor plate
In dentistry, what tissues are of interest in regards to radiographs?
Mineralised and demineralised tissue
What would demineralised tissue on a dental radiograph indicate?
Caries and other dentally related disease
Q
What type of radiograph matches the description:
- Film/ sensor is placed inside the mouth next to the area of interest
- Radiation source is directed at the areas from an external position
Intra oral radiograph
What are the three main types of intra-oral radiograph?
periapical
bitewing
occlusal
What type of radiograph matches the description:
- Nothing placed inside the mouth
- Radiation source and image receptor are both extra-orally positioned
Dental Panoramic Tomography (DPT)
What can DPT also be referred to as?
OPT and OPG
What is contained within the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and neutrons
Are protons +ve, -ve or no charge?
+ve charge
Are neutrons +ve, -ve or no charge?
No charge
Are electrons +ve, -ve or no charge?
-ve charge
How many electrons are in the K shell (closest to nucleus)?
2
How many electrons are in the L shell of an atom?
8
What can move from shell to shell but cannot exist between shells?
Electrons
Which electrons in an atom will have the greatest binding energy?
Outer electrons
What is an atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons referred to as?
An isotope
What is a radio-isotope?
An isotope with unstable nuclei which undergoes radioactive disintegration
What is a negatively charged ion called?
An anion
What is a positively charged ion called?
A cation
What type of particles have these features?:
Made up of 2 protons and 2 neutrons
- large size
- +ve charge
- slow speed
- penetrate only 1-2mm in tissue
- 4-8 MeV energy
- extensive ionisation
Alpha particles
What type of particles have these features?:
- Electrons
- small size
- -ve charge
- fast speed
- penetrate 1-2cm in tissue
- 100keV-6MeV energy
- ionisation
Beta particles
What type of rays is part of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum, has no size or charge and has very fast speed , passing through tissues?
Gamma rays
