intro to reaction kinetics Flashcards
(23 cards)
what is the most common cause of drug decomposition?
Hydrolysis
why study reaction kinetics (2) answers
- stability of pharmaceutical drugs
2. pharmacokinetics of drugs
what are the groups involved in hydrolysis?
esters,amides, salt
what are the drug examples of Hydrolysis
Aspirin, Chloramphenicol, penicillins, barbiturates
recall oxidation (3 factors)
gaining electronegative atoms or radicals (ex. Oxygen)
losing electropositive atoms or radicals (ex. hydrogen)
elimination of an electron
what are the groups involved in Oxidation?
Aldehydes, alcohols, Phenols, sugars, alkaloids, unsaturated fats & oils
What are the drug examples of Oxidation?
Penicillins, epinephrine, phenylephrine, procaine HCL
molar concentration means?
moles per 1L of the reactants
the overall order of a reaction is the sum of…
exponents (a+b+c) with respect to reactants, provided that rate of the reaction is dependent upon the concentrations of the reactants.
the order of a reaction helps us to determine…
the rate of a reaction
common order of a reaction of a pharmacist are…
0,1,2 and pseudo-first order
What is the definition of shelf life
the time required for 10% of the starting material to disappear.
it is the time at which the starting material has decreased to 90% of its original concentration
What is the definition of Half life?
the time required for one-half of the starting material to disappear
In a zero order reaction, the rate is constant throughout the process. This means?
the rate is independent of reactant concentration.
Are half life & shelf life dependent on initial concentration of reactants?
Yes.
what does “k” stand for
rate constant
What is the unit for the rate constant of a Zero Order Reaction?
concentration/time or concentration X time(inverse)
What is the unit for half life in a Zero Order Reaction?
time
What is the unit for shelf life in a Zero Order reaction?
time
In a Zero order Kinetics the rate is ___________ of the concentration of the reactant or reactants
Independent
In zero order kinetics rate is constant….
throughout
Rate Constant (k) have units of…
concentration/time
Half life & shelf life are ________ on initial concentration of reactants. however, the concentration of reactants change with time
dependent
