Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MSS - RESP Exam 1 > Intro to Respiratory Clinial Cases > Flashcards

Intro to Respiratory Clinial Cases Flashcards

1
Q

obstructive lung diseases

A

emphysema
chronic bronchitis
asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

emphysema

A

alveolar wall destruction

overinflation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

chronic bronchitis

A

productive cough

airway inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

asthma

A

reversible obstruction

bronchial hyperresponsiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

COPD

A

emphysema and chronic bronchitis

can exist together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

emphysematous lung?

A

enlargement of air spaces

-loss of alveolar sacs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

chronic bronchitis?

A

plugging with mucus and inflammation of airways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

albuterol

A

beta-2 receptor agonist

-bronchodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

A

restrictive disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

left sided heart failure

A

pulmonary edema and hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pulmonary edema

A

fluid in alveolar space

-affects gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

impaired perfusion in lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

respiration

A

gaseous exchange by cells and tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

types of respiration

A

cellular and external

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

cellular respiration

A

gaseous exchange within cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

external respiration

A

at level of blood cells

-rid CO2 and recharge with O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

3 components of respiratory system?

A 
conducting - carries air into lungs
respiratory - air exchange
ventilatory mechanism (diaphragm and rib cage)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

central airways?

A

greater than 2mm diameter

*bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

peripheral airways?

A

less than 2mm diameter

*bronchiolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

conducting portion

A

dead air space

-nasal cavity, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

function of conducting portion?

A

conduct air
removal of particulates
warming, cooling, humidifying air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

dry and wet air?

A

air humidified as it move through respiratory passages

**pay attention when doing calculations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

why is it important to warm inhaled air?

A

solubility of oxygen drops at higher temperatures

also, don’t want to destroy cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

trachea?

A 
lined by respiratory epithelium
-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
lamina propria (glands)
smooth muscle
elastic fibers
cartilage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
as you move down cartilage?
cilia, glands, cartilage gradually disappear smooth muscle increases epithelium becomes cuboidal
26
cell classification of trachea epithelium?
pseudostratified columnar epithelium - rests on thick basement membrane - cilia - moves mucus up with goblet cells
27
terminal bronchioles?
last section that is purely conducting
28
lamina propria
thin fibrous layer elastic fibers are dense forms elastic membrane** - bottom of lamina propria
29
submucosa
beneath elastic membrane | -contains seromucous glands
30
tracheal cartilage?
C-shaped posterior aspect has smooth muscle (trachealis) -allows passage of food bolus down esophagus hyaline cartilage
31
carina
horseshoe shaped cartilage
32
bronchiole
no cartilage**
33
bronchus
has cartilage**
34
pulmonary artery
travel with bronchus | -carry deoxygenated blood
35
at the terminal bronchioles
transition from pseudostratified columnar to simple columnar epithelium
36
terminal bronchiole columnar cells?
two types ciliated club cells
37
club cells
non-ciliated secretory cells -formerly clara cells secrete product that protects bronchiolar epithelium - CCSP - club cell secretory protein - similar to surfactant engulfs and breaks down toxins via cytochrome P-450 progenitor population to regenerate ciliated epithelial cells
38
particulates in lung?
greater than 10 micrometers - tonsils and adenoids 2-10 micrometers - mucus and coughing less than 2 micrometers - alveolar macrophages
39
respiratory region of lung?
respiratory bronchiole alveolar duct alveolar sac alveoli
40
alveolar duct
elongated branch of respiratory bronchiole
41
atrium
space between alveolar duct and alveolarsac
42
alveolar sac
end of alveolar duct | -single outpocket - alveolus
43
alveoli
walls are delicate and contain elastic fibers | -thin-walled polyhedral structures
44
alveolar pore**
small slit-like openings that allow air to flow between alveoli ``` allows equalization of pressure** stop collapse of alveoli due to pressure also allow spread of infection can prevent atelectasis allow alternate pathway for ventilation ```
45
atelactasis
collapsed lung
46
alveolar wall
five different types of cells -surface cells 1 type I alveolar cells 2 type II alveolar cells -intramural cells 3 endothelial cells 4 fibroblasts 5 smooth muscle cells
47
surface cells
epithelial cells | -on outer surface
48
alveolar macrophage
not part of wall, but very important
49
type I alveolar cells
cover surface of alveolus (90%) | -stretches in long extensions
50
type II alveolar cells
cover 5-10% of surface - more cuboidal in nature - sits in wall of alveolus - secrete surfactant*** better air exchange*** full of lamellar bodies (that contain surfactant)
51
surfactant
surface tension reducing agent | -prevents collapse of alveolus during expiration
52
capillary endothelial cells
intramural cell interspace for air exchange
53
alveolar macrophages
aka dust cells -lots of these into lung during heart attack free of alveolar wall aka heart failure cells known derivation is monocytic
54
alveolar membrane
O2 exchange - passive transport multilayered barrier -attenuated cytoplasm type I cell -BM between type I cell and endothelium attenuated cytoplasm of endothelium
55
henry's law
concentration of dissolved gas is proportional to partial pressure in gas phase
56
fick's law
flow proportional to concentration difference across a barrier
57
surfactant
dipolar (amphipathic) | -reduce surface tension
58
pulmonary arteries
carry deoxygenated blood to lung large elastic arteries enter lung at hilum follow bronchial tree
59
bronchial arteries
carry oxygen/nutrient rich blood to lung medium muscular arteries distribute to lung follow bronchial tree
60
pulmonary veins
tend to run within parenchyma large veins approach bronchial tree run away from the airways
61
mean pulmonary artery pressure
15 mmHg (very low)
62
mean systemic pressure
100 mmHg
63
shunt
transfer of deoxygenated blood from venous circulation to arterial circulation
64
start on HISTO slide
126**
65
in lamina propria
seromucous glands
66
elastic membrane
underlies lamina propria
67
submucosa layer?
beyond elastic membrane
68
cartilage collagen type?
type II
69
bronchial artery
smaller vessel close to the bronchi
70
dark brown crap cell in alveolar space?
macrophage
71
type II alveolar cell?
in wall larger round nucleus secretes surfactant** which has lipid
72
infants before 32-34 weeks?
low surfactant production | -not good exchange of O2

MSS - RESP Exam 1 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions