Intro to Splinting

Question 1

What is the main goal of the shoulder joint?

Answer 1

The main goal of the shoulder joint is to provide mobility to position the hand in space.

Question 2

T or F: For the shoulder, you need more mobility for function than stability.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Should you sacrifice stability to be able to position that hand in space for mobility?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

Why is shoulder mobility more important to work on than shoulder stability?

Answer 4

If you can’t position your arm in space, then there is limited function.

Question 5

T or F: The rotator cuff muscles are on top of the deltoid.

Answer 5

False; they are beneath the deltoid.

Question 6

What muscles does the strength of the shoulder come from?

Answer 6

The rotator cuff muscles

Question 7

What are the most important muscles for mobility of the shoulder?

Answer 7

The rotator cuff muscles

Question 8

What is another name for frozen shoulder?

Answer 8

Idiopathic

Question 9

Does frozen shoulder unfreeze itself?

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

Are there a lot of orthotics for the shoulder?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

How many joints are in the elbow?

Answer 11

3

Question 12

What are the joints of the elbow?

Answer 12

Radial-humerus
Ulnar Humerus
Proximal radial-ulnar

Question 13

What is the unforgiving joint?

Answer 13

The elbow joint

Question 14

Why is the elbow known as the unforgiving joint?

Answer 14

The elbow gets stiff very quickly and it’s hard for it to become unstiff.

Question 15

True or False: Ligaments connect muscle to bone.

Answer 15

False; they connect bone to bone

Question 16

Functionally, is elbow extension or elbow flexion more important?

Answer 16

Elbow flexion is more important functionally

Question 17

What is stiff when you are told your joints are stiff?

Answer 17

Ligaments

Question 18

What does stiffness mean?

Answer 18

Limited passive ROM

Question 19

T or F: The tendon needs to glide to pull through the tissues to move.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What is a contracture?

Answer 20

Bond with the ligaments are stuck together; the ligaments have tightened up which does not allow for the joint to move.

Question 21

T or F: Ligaments have elasticity.

Answer 21

False; ligaments do not have elasticity.

Question 22

T or F: Ligaments do not lengthen or shorten.

Answer 22

False; ligaments lengthen and shorten.

Question 23

T or F: If the fibers in a ligament stay in shortened positions, they glue together.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What happens if you break the tissues of a muscle?

Answer 24

You are tearing the tissues and they will respond with pain and inflammation.

Question 25

Is stability or mobility more important for the wrist?

Answer 25

Stability is more important.

Question 26

Why is stability more important for the wrist?

Answer 26

You need stability to be able to pick up something.

Question 27

If you want mobility of the wrist, is extension of the wrist or flexion of the wrist more important?

Answer 27

Extension is more important bc it is necessary for finger function.

Question 28

What is wrist flexion mainly important for functionally?

Answer 28

Toiletting

Question 29

T or F: Wrist flexion is good for finger flexion.

Answer 29

False; Wrist flexion is good for finger extension.

Question 30

T or F: Wrist extension is good for finger flexion.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

How many carpal bones are there?

Answer 31

8

Question 32

For function, is supination or pronation more important to work on?

Answer 32

Supination

Question 33

T or F: The ulna and the radius are equal in length.

Answer 33

False, the ulna is lower than the radius. If the ulna and radius were at the same length, there would be impactation.

Question 34

T or F: You get stability from the ligaments.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

T or F: Ligaments make the joint tight but allow for stretch.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

What is the normal range for wrist flexion?

Answer 36

70-90 degrees

Question 37

T or F: You never look at a client's ROM on their unaffected side.

Answer 37

False; you do check their unaffected side in order to find out what their normal range is

Question 38

T or F: Ligaments heal quickly.

Answer 38

False; they take a long time to heal

Question 39

T or F: Bones are a pain to heal.

Answer 39

False; Bones are easier to heal than ligaments.

Question 40

T or F: Most of the time, there are bone fractures.

Answer 40

False; most of the time it's ligament fractures

Question 41

What is another name for the scaphoid?

Answer 41

Navicular

Question 42

What is the most frequently broken wrist bone in men between 18-25 bc of high impact sports?

Answer 42

Scaphoid

Question 43

What is the significance of breaking the scaphoid bone?

Answer 43

The significance of breaking that bone is that it has a neck and one side of the bone is well vascularized and the other side is not. If there is a break, then the distal pole has decreased vascular.

Question 44

T or F: The scaphoid takes much longer to heal.

Answer 44

True

Question 45

T or F: You should not cast for a long time for a scaphoid injury.

Answer 45

False; you should cast for a long time.

Question 46

How can you find the scaphoid?

Answer 46

It is at the base of the snuffbox.

Question 47

T or F: The thumb has a PIP.

Answer 47

False; Thumb only has the IP, other fingers have the PIP and DIP

Question 48

Where on the hand would you notice swelling?

Answer 48

It goes to the back of the hand bc there is a lot more space between the skin

Question 49

Why is the skin on your palm tight and attached to everything underneath?

Answer 49

In order to help facilitate your grip so it is very important for function.

Question 50

T or F: We have ligaments that connect the bones to each other in the fingers.

Answer 50

True

Question 51

What are the important ligaments in between the fingers?

Answer 51

The lateral ones. The collateral ligaments are important for stability; if they get tight, they don’t allow for flexion or extension.

Question 52

T or F: When the fingers are straight, the collateral ligaments by the MPs are overlapping.

Answer 52

True

Question 53

T or F: When the fingers are flexed, the collateral ligaments by the MPs go all the way down.

Answer 53

True

Question 54

When the PIP are straight, the collateral ligaments are: A. shortened B. lengthened

Answer 54

Lengthened

Question 55

When the PIP are flexed, the collateral ligaments are: A. shortened B. lengthened

Answer 55

Shortened

Question 56

T or F: The resting hand splint puts the hand in the position of safety.

Answer 56

False; Resting hand split doesn’t do the position of safety.

Question 57

When are resting hand splints used? Give one example of a clinical condition that you would use a resting hand splint for.

Answer 57

Resting hand split can be used if you are concerned about the recovery the client is going to get (ex. Stroke, arthritis)

Question 58

When is the position of safety or anti-deformity used? Give one example of a clinical condition that you would use position of safety for.

Answer 58

Position of safety or anti-deformity is used for an injury that you know will 100% recover (ex. Burns, guillane barre)

Question 59

Explain the insertion and action of the EDC.

Answer 59

EDC inserts on the proximal phalanx on each of the fingers, doesn’t do much to extend the fingers. It is the prime extensor of the MPs.

Question 60

Explain what intrinsic plus looks like.

Answer 60

The lumbricals are an intrinsic muscle the flex the MPs and extend the IPs.

Question 61

Explain the function of the interossei.

Answer 61

They abduct and adduct the fingers.

Question 62

Explain what extrinsic plus looks like.

Answer 62

MP extension and IP flexion