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Surgical Nursing I > Intro to Surg Nursing > Flashcards

Intro to Surg Nursing Flashcards

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1
Q

The primary goal of the surgeon

A

is the correction of dz

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2
Q

The primary goal of the technician

A

is the patient’s life

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3
Q

One celled organisms that is not a surgical concern and can cause post op problems

Ex: Coccidosis, Toxoplasmosis

A

Protozoa

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4
Q

Plants that exist as parasites due to their inability to synthesize their own food and can cause skin dz

A

Fungi

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5
Q

Improper cleaning of _________ or ________ can cause contamination of internal organs

A

ET tubes; insturments

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6
Q

This microbe is a MAJOR concern when cleaning and sterilizing
Many are opportunistic

A

Bacteria

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7
Q

The prevention of hospital-acquired infections is the desired result of

A

aseptic technique

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8
Q

Forms as a result of lack of circulation to a tissue

A

Decubital ulcer aka bed sore

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9
Q

You can eliminate or control the source of dz with 3 things

A
  1. Isolation
  2. Quarantine
  3. Euthanasia
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10
Q

You can increase the host’s ability to resist dz with 3 things

A
  1. Adequate diet
  2. Therapeutic agents
  3. General hygiene
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11
Q

You can prevent transmission of microbes by doing 3 things

A
  1. Washing hands
  2. Adequate ventilation
  3. Physical and chemical control
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12
Q

3 types of physical sterilization

A
  1. Filtration
  2. Radiation
  3. Heat
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13
Q

This is commonly used in pharmaceuticals by using a filter to separate particulate matter from liquids or gases

A

Filtration

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14
Q

This is primarily used during production and packaging of certain surgical products such as some gloves and suture materials

A

Radiation

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15
Q

3 types of radiation

A
  1. Ultraviolet
  2. Gamma
  3. Beta
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16
Q

This type of radiation is used for surfaces and disinfecting air
Also causes a drying effect and causes mutation of nucleic acid of microorganisms
Can damage cornea and cause skin cancer

A

Ultraviolet

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17
Q

This type of radiation is rapid and continuous and used with vaccines, biologicals, and gloves

A

Gamma

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18
Q

This type of radiation is used in prepackaged suture material, gloves, and rubber tubing

A

Beta

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19
Q

2 types of heat used in sterilization

A

Dry and moist

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20
Q

This type of heat is accomplished by boiling/steam under pressure
Kills microbes by coagulating critical cellular proteins

A

Moist

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21
Q

This type of heat is more difficult to control
Kills microbes by protein oxidation and the sterilization time is longer
Used with oils, powders, and petroleum products

A

Dry

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22
Q

This method of moist heat only sanitizes, doesn’t sterilize
Increase sanitization with detergent

Ex: automatic dishwashers, clothes washers

A

Hot Water

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23
Q

For hot water to be effective, what temp should it be at?

A

60 C, 140 F

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24
Q

This type of moist heat disinfects, not an effective method of sterilization because it requires 3 hrs

A

Boiling water

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25
Boiling for how long will destroy vegetative bacteria
10 min
26
Max temp for boiling
100 C, 212 F
27
This type of moist heat has large scale use such as cleaning stainless steel cages because it effectively disinfects
Free Flowing Steam
28
This type of moist heat is used with autoclaves and pressure cookers
Steam Under Pressure
29
When this tool is used properly, kills ALL forms of microbial life including spores and cysts
Autoclaves
30
Pressure in the steam jacket in the autoclave jacket rises to
15 psi
31
Temperature should be set for this on an autoclave
250-270 F
32
What is the ideal time to autoclave instruments? The minimum?
30 mins ideally | 15 minimum
33
The door of the autoclave should be open at
212 F, 0 psi
34
You should allow items from the autoclave to dry for
1 hr
35
What type of water should be used in an autoclave?
Distilled/deionized
36
Flash sterilization can be done in
3-4 min
37
PSI for flash sterilization
32
38
This type of dry heat gives complete destruction of materials and only used on non-reusable items or those of no value Material must be completely reduced to ashes
Incineration
39
These are a dry heat method used for sterilization | It is economical and will not dull sharp objects, but it takes longer and you can't use paper or cloth
Hot Air Ovens
40
A chemical classification used for soaking instruments for sterilization in a cold tray STERILITY IS NOT GUARANTEED
Liquid
41
Liquid sterilization is used for what type of procedures?
"dirty" or minor (feline neuters, lacerations)
42
When soaking instruments in a cold tray, they should sit for a minimum of? Ideally?
15 mins minimum | 3 hrs ideally
43
How often should solution in a cold tray be changed?
q 2 weeks, or more often if it gets dirty
44
2 most common liquids used in cold trays
1. Gluteraldehyde | 2. Chlorhexadine
45
This type of chemical classification is used on items that can't tolerate high temps or steam Ex: Ethylene Oxide and Hydrogen Peroxide Gas Plasma
Gases
46
This gas is used primarily in industries, institutions, and military Inactivates DNA and prevents cellular repro Uses lower heat and provides excellent
Ethylene Oxide
47
Disadvantages of the use of this gas are: slow, explosive, flammable, and poisonous
EO
48
This is used more commonly to replace EO and it's safer for personnel and environment Can't penetrate walls of hollow instruments
Hydrogen Peroxide Gas Plasma
49
How long should something sit in Hydrogen Peroxide Gas Plasma?
About an hr
50
This is required with everything you sterilize
Sterilization indicators
51
This type of sterilization indicator that responds to time and temperature by a color change (blue to brown)
Chemical
52
Where should a chemical indicator be placed in a pack?
Middle/outer part of pack
53
This type of indicator only responds when exposed to heat and does not indicate sterility
Autoclave tape
54
This type of indicator is impregnated with Bacillus Stearothermophilus Used as a quality control agent to test autoclaves
Biological indicator
55
To sterilize an inanimate object, you use a
disinfectant
56
To sterilize animate objects, you use
antiseptic
57
This type of disinfectant has the same use as a pre-op scrub for hands especially if allergic to chlorhexadine or iodine Contains carbolic acid-hexachlorophene
Phenols
58
Some lysol products contain
phenols
59
A disinfectant that should NEVER be mixed with bleach Forms a toxic cloud if used in a large amount which can cause asthma attacks and instant death Effective against bacteria, not spores or viruses Ex: Roccal, Benzalkonium Chloride
Quaternary ammonium
60
A disinfectant that is toxic and irritating, used mainly for fixing tissue for pathology tests Ex: Formaldehyde and Gluteraldehyde
Aldehydes
61
This type of disinfectant that evaporates readily, leaves no residue, chills pt, but should never be used on open wounds Ineffective against sports and fungus Ex: Ethyl and Isopropyl
Alcohols
62
Type of alcohol used on a patient as a final paint
50%/70% Isopropyl/Ethyl
63
Type of alcohol that should not be used on patient | Used to disinfect sutures and diluted with H2O
99% Isopropyl
64
Disinfectant that was one of the first types used Common surface disinfectant Broad bactericidal and virucidal properties, but toxic at improper dilutions Ex: Sodium Hypochlorite (BLEACH)
Chloride compounds
65
Dilution of chloride compound that effectively kills viruses
1:30
66
An antiseptic used only on intact skin, but not common in vet med
Iodines
67
An antiseptic iodine that must be greatly diluted to use on living tissue, can be cytotoxic but greater bactericidal activity
Aqueous solutions
68
An antiseptic iodine that is combined with a carrier molecule that slowly releases free iodines Staining and irritation is lower and delivery of iodine to tissues is greater More commonly used in vet med Ex: Povidine
Idophors
69
An Biguanides antiseptic found in Nolvasan that can be used on living tissue and when diluted can be used as a wound lavage
Chlorhexadine
70
Nolvasan that is used on surfaces ONLY
Nolvasan-S
71
What does the S stand for in Nolvasan-S
scented
72
Nolvasan scrub used for pre op | Used on patients and surgeons hands
Detergent

Surgical Nursing I (5 decks)

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