Introduction Flashcards
(7 cards)
What is endocrinology?
1 pt
The study of the endocrine glands and their secretions (hormones)
* endon (within) + krinein (to secrete)
What are endocrine glands and what are some examples?
5 pt
Ductless glands that secrete hormones into the blood
* examples: hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands
What are exocrine glands and what are some examples?
5 pt
Release hormones or other substances into a duct
* examples: salivary glands, sweat glands, tear ducts, mammory glands
What are some classical endocrine secreting glands/tissues?
14 pt
- Pituitary gland
- Thyroid gland
- Parathyroid glands
- Adrenal glands
- Pancreas
- Ovaries (female)
- Testes (male)
- Hypothalamus
- Heart
- Blood vessels
- Skin
- Stomach
- Small intestine
- Kidneys
What is a hormone?
1 pt
- A substance secreted by specialized cellsand released into a vascular system (the bloodstream) or tissue fluid causing a response in target cells elsewhere in the body.
- The response is mediated by receptors specific to the hormone in target tissues.
What are some major functions of hormones?
8 pt
Maintaining homeostasis
* water and ion balance (osmoregulation)
* glucose homeostasis (energy metabolism and digestion)
* Calcium homeostasis
Reproduction
* ovulation and menstruation
Growth and development
* metamorphosis
Modulate behaviour
* mating
* aggression
Why have an endocrine system?
4 pt
- to respond to environmental stimuli quickly
- specificity with hormonal regulation
- communication - we are complex, a lot of organ systems
- the evolution of multicellular organisms made it necessary to have cordinating systems to regulate and integrate the functions of endocrine systems
