Introduction

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

The study of the human body

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

The study of how living organisms work/function

Question 3

Anatomical position is the _________________________ when describing certain anatomical terms, and positions.

Answer 3

standard point or reference that is commonly used in human anatomy and physiology

Question 4

Superior:Inferior

Answer 4

Up:Down

Question 5

Lateral

Answer 5

away from the midline

Question 6

Medial

Answer 6

closer to the midline

Question 7

anterior:posterior

Answer 7

front:back

Question 8

three planes

Answer 8

saggital, coronal and transverse

Question 9

five regions of the body

Answer 9

head, neck, torso, upper extremities, and lower extremities

Question 10

Proximal

Answer 10

nearer the trunk

Question 11

Distal

Answer 11

farther form the trunk

Question 12

outwards or near the surface

Answer 12

Peripheral

Question 13

near the surface

Answer 13

superficial

Question 14

cavities of the body…

Answer 14

contain the internal organs/viscera

Question 15

two main cavities

Answer 15

ventral and dorsal cavities

Question 16

ventral

Answer 16

larger cavity; divided into two parts

Question 17

two sub-cavities of the ventral cavity

Answer 17

abdominopelvic and thoracic

Question 18

throacic cavity is dived into how many parts

Answer 18

three (plural cavity, pericardial cavity with mediastinum, superior mediastinum)

Question 19

thoracic cavity contains

Answer 19

heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus, large blood vessels and nerves

Question 20

surrounds the lungs

Answer 20

plural cavity

Question 21

between the serous membrane; contains the heart

Answer 21

pericardial cavity with mediastinum

Question 22

located above the heart; contains vessels, nerves, thymus, trachea, and the esophagus

Answer 22

superior mediastinum

Question 23

abdominopelvic cavity contains…

Answer 23

abdominal and pelvic cavity

Question 24

cavity where the digestive system is located

Answer 24

abdominal cavity

Question 25

urigenital system and rectum

Answer 25

pelvic cavity

Question 26

what two cavities are separated by the diaphragm

Answer 26

thoracic and abdominalpelvic cavity

Question 27

dorsal

Answer 27

smaller of the two cavities; cranial and spinal cavity

Question 28

cell

Answer 28

basic unit of living organisms

Question 29

cell ->________ -> _______ -> systems

Answer 29

tissue;organs

Question 30

organs

Answer 30

collection of tissues that structurally form a functional unit

Question 31

10 body systems

Answer 31

musculoskeletal, integumentary, nervous, endocrine, lymphatic and immune, urinary, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory and reproductive

Question 32

anabolism

Answer 32

smaller to complex substances by the use of energy (build-up process)

Question 33

catabolism

Answer 33

breaks down complex molecules into smaller molecules (break down process)

Question 34

respond to the changes of the world

Answer 34

responsiveness (three types: excitability/irritability, conductivity, contractility/elasticity)

Question 35

all matter is composed of one or more unique pure substances called _________

Answer 35

elements

Question 36

atoms

Answer 36

subatomic particles

Question 37

molecules

Answer 37

chemical building blocks of all body structures

Question 38

organelles

Answer 38

small structure in a cell that is surrounded by a membrane

Question 39

tissue

Answer 39

group of similar cells

Question 40

organ system

Answer 40

group of organs that work together

Question 41

organism

Answer 41

living being that has a cellular structure and can independently accomplish all physiological features needed for survival

Question 42

body composition

Answer 42

18% = Protein 7% = Mineral 15% = Fat 60% = water (fluid)

Question 43

Fluid compartments

Answer 43

Extracellular fluids = 1/3 (interstitial fluids and plasma 80:20) and Intracellular fluids = 2/3

Question 44

what does homeostasis mean

Answer 44

homos - equal istemi - to stand

Question 45

ability of an organism to maintain constant internal environment by adjusting to its physiological processes in the face of external variations

Answer 45

homeostasis

Question 46

Eukaryotik Cell

Answer 46

nucleus surrounded by a membrane that separates the cell into two regions: nucleus and cytoplasm

Question 47

Prokaryotik Cell

Answer 47

no membrane around their cell parts or nuclei

Question 48

Plasma membrane

Answer 48

covers the cell; regulates the passage of substances; detect chemical messengers; anchor a variety of proteins (EC,IC and proteins)

Question 49

permeability

Answer 49

permitting the passage; selectively permeable- will allow only some substances

Question 50

cytoskeleton

Answer 50

maintain the shape of the cell; anchors organelles in place

Question 51

nucleus

Answer 51

biggest part of the cell; controls growth

Question 52

cytoplasm

Answer 52

fluid found inside; helps bring down waste

Question 53

ribosomes

Answer 53

protein production machine

Question 54

mitochondria

Answer 54

powerhouse of the cell

Question 55

glycolisis

Answer 55

anaerobic metabolism

Question 56

krebs cycle

Answer 56

aerobic metabolism

Question 57

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 57

rough ER- w/ ribosomes smooth ER- without ribosomes

Question 58

lysosomes

Answer 58

"suicide sacs" - breakdown excess or worn out parts

Question 59

mitosis

Answer 59

division of cells; 46 chromosomes

Question 60

apoptosis

Answer 60

programmed cell death

Question 61

meiosis

Answer 61

division of cells; 23 chromosomes

Question 62

simple diffusion

Answer 62

high -> low concentrations result of thermal motion

Question 63

simple diffusion is dependent on...

Answer 63

concentration diff., temp, molecular mass, lipid solubility