introduction

Question 1

Personalisation in context: 1940s

Answer 1

Abolition of the Poor Law – social work is now able to support those in need without the stigma of the Poor Law and workhouses.

Question 2

Personalisation in context: 1986

Answer 2

Eligibility criteria for benefits are tightened. The Conservative government aims to eliminate perceived ‘dependency culture’ and move to an individualistic, consumer-based approach to social care.

Question 3

Personalisation in context: 2001-2009

Answer 3

The New Labour government proceeds with guidance and legislation to promote independent living for disabled people, and to give greater choice and control over care and support. It explores the possibility of individual budgets. In 2003, in Control offers a new model of social care provision, initially for people with learning disabilities, based on self-directed support and personal budgets.

Question 4

Statutory service

Answer 4

a service provided by local authority as laid down by legislation/law.

Question 5

Aspiration

Answer 5

a strong desire to achieve something

Question 6

Proactive

Answer 6

when a person creates or controls a situation by causing something to happen rather than responding to it after it has happened.

Question 7

Personal budget

Answer 7

the amount of money an individual is awarded by the local authority to spend on the help they need to achieve what is important to them.

Question 8

Support plan

Answer 8

the document where day-to-day requirements and preferences for care and support are detailed to enable an individual to live with dignity and respect in the community. It may be known by other names e.g. care plan, or an individual plan.

Question 9

Social care outcomes

Answer 9

the results of receiving social care that is desired by the individual, e.g. living independently, finding employment.

Question 10

Means-tested payments

Answer 10

payments based on an individual’s financial circumstances to determine whether an individual is eligible or has the right to claim assistance.

Question 11

Local authority

Answer 11

the governing body of a county or district officially responsible for all public services and facilities in that area.

Question 12

Authorised or nominated person

Answer 12

someone who acts on behalf of an individual to allocate their direct payment, with local authority agreement.

Question 13

Eligible

Answer 13

fit the criteria for, be suitable for or be entitled to something

Question 14

Mental capacity

Answer 14

being able to make a reasoned decision by understanding information, remembering it for long enough to make a decision and communicating this to others.

Question 15

Autonomy

Answer 15

self-rule, independence or freedom to do as an individual wishes.

Question 16

Preventative measures

Answer 16

using methods to stop or prevent something, e.g. providing a jar-opening device for an individual to allow them to open jars safely and prevent injury.

Question 17

Home adaptations

Answer 17

changes to the home to make it safer for the individual to live independently, e.g. a stair-lift to enable an individual to go upstairs in their home, making it accessible

Question 18

Needs assessment

Answer 18

the overall process for identifying and recording the health and social care risks and needs of an individual and evaluating their impact on daily living and quality of life so that appropriate action can be planned.

Question 19

Universal services

Answer 19

services that are available to everyone, such as transport and housing

Question 20

Service led

Answer 20

a service-led provision is where an individual has to fit into existing traditional services such as day centres.

Question 21

Centre for Independent Living

Answer 21

centres that promote the principles of independent living and provide services for individuals who use direct payments.

Question 22

Self-esteem

Answer 22

the value an individual gives themselves.

Question 23

Degenerative condition

Answer 23

medical problems that worsen over time.

Question 24

Monitor

Answer 24

the sector regulator for health services in England. Monitor’s job is to make the health sector work better for patients

Question 25

Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs)

Answer 25

most of the NHS commissioning budget is now managed by 209 CCGs. These are groups of general practices that come together in each area to commission the best services for their patients and population

Question 26

Healthwatch England

Answer 26

the national consumer champion in health and care, with statutory powers to ensure the voice of the consumer is heard by those who commission, deliver and regulate health and care services

Question 27

Care Quality Commission (CQC)

Answer 27

an independent regulator of health and social care in England. They monitor, inspect and regulate services to make sure they meet fundamental standards of quality and safety.

Question 28

Segregated

Answer 28

to be set apart from others.

Question 29

Screening

Answer 29

process of identifying healthy people who may be at risk of disease; for example, the breast screening programme.

Question 30

Independence

Answer 30

Good support should value and respect people’s sense of independence. This can mean different things to different people but getting out and about and being able to do the sorts of things that others take for granted is a common theme

Question 31

Wellbeing

Answer 31

The Care Act says that councils should be responsible for people’s wellbeing rather than just their care and support needs. This means that councils must think differently about what people need to stay safe and live well and should work with people to understand what this means to them.

Question 32

Citizenship

Answer 32

The duty on councils to promote wellbeing includes ensuring people have opportunities to use their skills and talents to contribute to their community, rather than just simply receive services. Being able to contribute can have a significant impact on an individual’s self-esteem and sense of their own value. Councils and providers can help people explore their skills and talents and how to harness them as part of a person-centred planning process.

Question 33

Community capacity

Answer 33

Living in strong and supportive communities make it possible for people to live well and can reduce the need for funded care. Communities mean different things to different people depending on their passions and interests. So in addition to local communities supporting people to connect with others who share their interest, they are an important part of supporting someone well. (Video - WW2 re-enactment story)

Question 34

Coordinated Care

Answer 34

Health and social care services should have a joined-up and streamlined approach to supporting people through the processes needed for them to access and manage the care and support. Making things simple and proportionate to what people need out of the system can make a big difference.

Question 35

Choice and control

Answer 35

People have a right to choose how to arrange the support they need. Making choices about who supports you, when and where you get support, and what kind of things you get support with can make a huge difference to people’s sense of dignity and their quality of life. The amount of choice and control people exercise may vary depending on their circumstances, but making efforts to ensure people always have opportunities to exercise choice and control should be at the heart of how services work with people.

Question 36

Tailored support

Answer 36

Everyone who needs support should have the opportunity to make a person-centred plan to help them decide what kind of support they need, and how that can best be organised to help them lead the life they wish. There are many free-to-access person-centred planning tools that can help this process and councils and providers should help ensure their staff and the people they support are familiar with them and can use them confidently.

Question 37

Co-production

Answer 37

The Care Act says that councils must work together with people and families to develop good care and support services which can help people live fulfilling lives. On a one-to-one basis this means putting people and families at the centre of designing the right support for themselves. More broadly, it means councils should find ways of bringing people and families together with providers and commissioners to design what good services should look like in their local area.