introduction

Question 1

includes the skin and its
accessory structures
including hair, nails, and
glands, as well as blood
vessels, muscles and
nerves

Answer 1

integumentary system

Question 2

is the medical specialty for the
diagnosis and treatment of
disorders of the integumentary system

Answer 2

dermatology

Question 3

covers the
body and is the largest
organ of the body by
surface area and weight

Answer 3

cutaneous membrane or skin

Question 4

weighs _-_kg about 16% of the body

Answer 4

4.5-5kg

Question 5

thinnest skin

Answer 5

eyelids

Question 6

thickest skin

Answer 6

soles

Question 7

the average thickness is?

Answer 7

1-2mm

Question 8

outer, thinner layer called the ___
consists of epithelial tissue

Answer 8

epidermis

Question 9

inner, thicker layer called the

Answer 9

dermis

Question 10

Beneath the dermis

Answer 10

subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)

Question 11

composed of
keratinized stratified
squamous epithelium

Answer 11

epidermis

Question 12

4 cells of the skin

Answer 12

keratinocytes
melanocytes
langerhans cells
merkels cells

Question 13

90% produce keratin
which is a tough fibrous
protein that provides
protection

Answer 13

keratinocytes

Question 14

produce the pigment
melanin that protects
against damage by
ultraviolet radiation

Answer 14

melanocytes

Question 15

involved in immune
responses, arise from
red bone marrow

Answer 15

langerhans cell

Question 16

function in the
sensation of touch
along with the
adjacent tactile discs

Answer 16

merkel cells

Question 17

where continuous cell division
occurs which produces all the other layers

Answer 17

stratum basale or start germinativum

Question 18

where continuous cell division
occurs which produces all the other layers

Answer 18

stratum basale or start germinativum

Question 19

8-10 layers of keratinocytes

Answer 19

stratum spinosum

Question 20

which includes
keratohyalin and lamellar granules

Answer 20

stratum granulosum

Question 21

is present only in thick skin (the
skin of the fingertips, palms, and soles)

Answer 21

stratum lucidum

Question 22

composed of many sublayers
of flat, dead keratinocytes (constant friction can stimulate formation of a callus).

Answer 22

stratum corneum

Question 23

the
accumulation of
more and more
protective keratin,
occurs as cells move from the deepest
layer to the surface
layer

Answer 23

keratinization

Question 24

an
excess of
keratinized cells
shed from the scalp

Answer 24

dandruff

Question 25

is composed of connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers

Answer 25

dermis

Question 26

contains collagen and elastic fibers

Answer 26

papillary region

Question 27

includes touch sensors and free nerve endings

Answer 27

dermal papillae

Question 28

consists of collagen and elastic fibers, adipose cells, hair follicles, nerves, sebaceous (oil) glands, and sudoriferous (sweat) glands

Answer 28

reticular region

Question 29

“tension lines” in the skin indicate the predominant direction of underlying collagen fibers

Answer 29

lines of cleavage

Question 30

reflect contours of the underlying dermal papillae and form the basis for fingerprints (and footprints);

Answer 30

epidemal ridges

Question 31

their function is to increase firmness of grip by increasing friction.

Answer 31

epidermal ridges

Question 32

attaches the skin to the underlying tissues and organs

Answer 32

subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)

Question 33

three pigments

Answer 33

melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin

Question 34

a yellow-red or brown-black pigment produced by melanocytes (located mostly in the epidermis, where it absorbs UV radiation)

Answer 34

melanin

Question 35

A benign localized overgrowth of melanocytes is a

Answer 35

mole

Question 36

an inherited inability to produce melanin

Answer 36

albinism

Question 37

a condition in which there is a partial or complete loss of melanocytes from patches of skin

Answer 37

vitiligo

Question 38

yellow-orange pigment (found in the stratum corneum, dermis, and subcutaneous layer)

Answer 38

carotene

Question 39

produced in blood cells

Answer 39

hemoglobin

Question 40

what are the functions of hair

Answer 40

protection  reduction of heat loss  sensing light touch

Question 41

mostly projects above the surface of the skin

Answer 41

hair shaft

Question 42

penetrates into the dermis

Answer 42

root

Question 43

what are the types of hair

Answer 43

lanugo, vellus hairs and terminal hairs

Question 44

is determined by the amount and type of melanin

Answer 44

hair color

Question 45

are connected to hair follicles

Answer 45

sebaceous glands

Question 46

is very fine, soft, and usually unpigmented, downy hair on the body of a fetus or newborn baby.

Answer 46

lanugo

Question 47

is short, fine, light-colored, and barely noticeable hair that develops on most of a person's body from his/her childhood.

Answer 47

vellus hair

Question 48

are thick, long, and dark, as compared with vellus hair.

Answer 48

terminal hair