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Industrial Waste Management > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

Is any substance discarded after primary use, or is worthless, defective and of no use.

A

Waste

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2
Q

Any liquid, gaseous or solid matter, or other waste substance or a combination thereof resulting from any process of industry, manufacturing trade or business or from the development, processing or recovery of any natural resources

A

Industrial waste

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3
Q

Too much waste discarded to the environment is known as ____.

A

pollution

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4
Q

It means any alteration of the physical, chemical and biological properties of any water, air and/or land resources of the Philippines

A

Pollution

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5
Q

Name 3 environmental pollutants

A

Ambient air/ source emission
Soil/ Sludge
Wastewater

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6
Q

Pollution control law

A

RA 3931

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7
Q

Scope of practice of chemical engineers for industrial waste management

A

Planning
Preparation of Feasibility Studies
Operations
Research and Development

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8
Q

(T/F) Chemical engineers has the ability develop technologies, techniques and strategies that will significantly reduce the pollutants emitted by the industries.

A

True

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9
Q

(T/F) Chemical engineers has the ability to develop complex solutions over environmental challenges.

A

True

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10
Q

(T/F) Chemical engineers also focus on developing sustainable waste management strategies to ensure long-term environmental protection by implementing the principles of the
circular economy.

A

True

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11
Q

Types of industrial wastes according to characteristics

A

Liquid waste
Solid waste
Chemical waste

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12
Q

Types of industrial wastes according to safety

A

Hazardous
Nonhazardous

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13
Q

It is a generic term to classify air pollutants comprising of suspended particles in air.

A

Particulate matter

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14
Q

Also known as particle pollution, is a complex mixture of extremely small particles and liquid droplets that get into the air. Once inhaled, these particles can affect the heart and lungs and cause serious health effects.

A

Particulate matter

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15
Q

The toxicity behind the particulate matter is the absorption of diverse _____ and _____.

A

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

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16
Q

High volume sampling of particulate Matter

A

Gravimetric analysis

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17
Q

These are particles with 50 microns
or less in diameter do not enter the lungs but may enter the digestive
tract via the nasal passages

A

total suspended particulates

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18
Q

Is an atmospheric pollutant naturally generated by geothermal activities, usually derived from volcanoes, or produced by industrial activities from the combustion of coal and petroleum

A

Sulfur dioxide

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19
Q

Low volume sampling of sulfur oxide

A

Pararosalinine method

20
Q

It is formed whenever fuel is combusted at high temperatures by a ‘fixing’ of the nitrogen in the combustion chamber’s dilution air

A

Nitrogen oxide

21
Q

It is one of the precursors in the
formation of ground-level ozone, which can trigger serious respiratory problems.

A

Nitrogen oxide

22
Q

Low volume sampling of nitrogen oxide

A

Griess-saltzman method

23
Q

It is the primary concentration measurement for measuring the organic pollution of wastewater by determining the amount of oxygen required by the aerobic microorganisms

A

Biochemical Oxygen Demand

24
Q

It is the total amount of oxygen consumed by strong oxidants present in the wastewater during the decomposition and chemical oxidation of organic/inorganic matter

A

Chemical oxygen demand

25
Q

These are defined as solids in water that can be trapped by a filter.

A

Total suspended solids

26
Q

These includes fats, oils, waxes, and other related constituents found in water, generally wastewater.

A

Oil and grease

27
Q

It is a parameter, expressed in MPN/100 mL, that indicates microbial or bacterial contamination of
wastewater.
MPN = most probable number

A

Fecal coliform

28
Q

Is an element and the second most abundant mineral in the body.

A

Phosphorus

29
Q

High phosphate concentration is also
linked to _____ process since phosphorus is a limiting nutrient.

A

eutrophication

30
Q

Is a form of dissolved nitrogen that occurs naturally in soil and water. It is the primary source of nitrogen for plants.

A

Nitrate

31
Q

Is an oxidized product of sulfur compound which a major precursor for biogeochemical cycles.

A

Sulfate

32
Q

Is an inorganic chemical which are commonly generated from agricultural and human activities

A

Ammonia

33
Q

Excessive ammonia in the wastewater impedes the natural ____ process in the water body resulting to low or depleting dissolved oxygen concentration detrimental to marine life.

A

nitrification

34
Q

Is one of the major inorganic anions, or negative ions, in saltwater and freshwater. It originates from the dissociation of salts.

A

Chloride

35
Q

Metals found in sludge

A

Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Mercury
Selenium
Silver

36
Q

Is a chemical analysis process used to determine whether there are hazardous elements present in a waste. It involves a simulation of
leaching through a landfill and can
provide a rating that can prove if the
waste is dangerous to the environment or not.

A

Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure

37
Q

TCLP limits

A

Total threshold limit concentration
Soluble threshold limit concentration

38
Q

Is the primary agency responsible for the conservation, management, development, and proper use of the country’s environment and natural resources.

A

Department of Environment and Natural Resources

39
Q

It was formally established in 1978 with the enactment of Presidential Decree no. 1586. It is a planning and management tool that will help government, decision makers, the proponents and the affected community address the negative consequences or risks on the environment.

A

Environment Impact Assessment (EIA)

40
Q

The law aims to regulate restrict or prohibit the importation, manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use and disposal of
chemical substances and mixtures the present unreasonable risk
to human health.

A

RA 6969 - Toxic Substances, Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990

41
Q

The law aims to achieve and maintain clean air that meets the National Air Quality guideline values for criteria pollutants, throughout the Philippines, while minimizing the
possible associated impacts to the economy.

A

RA 8749 - Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999

42
Q

The law ensures proper segregation, collection, storage, treatment and disposal of solid waste through the formulation and adaptation of best eco-waste products.

A

RA 9003 - Ecological Waste Management Act of 2000

43
Q

The law aims to protect the country’s water bodies from pollution from land-based sources (industries and
commercial establishments, agriculture and community/household activities).

A

RA 9275 - Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004

44
Q

Industrial Waste Management Approaches

A

Circular economy
Waste-to-energy conversion
Green chemistry
Composting

45
Q

Is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances.

A

Green chemistry

Industrial Waste Management (3 decks)

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