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MAJOR PARASITES IN FOOD ANIMALS > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

is the area of biology
concerned with the relationship
phenomenon called Parasitism

A

Parasitology

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2
Q

is the study of parasites, their
life cycle, morphology, pathogenicity, transmission, epidemiology, and control
(including diagnosis, treatment and prevention).

A

parasitology

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3
Q

Scope of Veterinary Parasitology:

A
  1. Vet. Entomology
  2. Vet. Protozoology
  3. Vet. Helminthology
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4
Q

concerned with the study of parasitic arthropods, insects, ticks, mites, and pentastomids.

A

Vet. Entomology

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5
Q

concerns with the study of parasitic Protozoa

A

Vet. Protozoology

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6
Q

concerns with the study of parasitic helminths (flukes,
tapeworms, roundworms, thornyheaded worms and parasitic annelids.

A

Vet. Helminthology

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7
Q

involves a host and a parasites

A

parasitism

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8
Q

is an organism which for the purpose of procuring food or food and shelter, visits briefly or take up abode temporarily or permanently outside or inside the body of another organism it
usually does harm.

A

parasite

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9
Q
  • Grandfather of Parasitology
A

Francesco Redi

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10
Q
  • Introduced obligatory parenthood for insects
A

Francesco Redi

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11
Q
  • Described various kinds of microscopic animals
A

Leeuwenhoek

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12
Q
  • Refutes theory of spontaneous generation in
    worms
A

Bidloo

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13
Q
  • Described, identified, and classified helminths
A

Linnaeus

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14
Q
  • Gave scientific names to parasitic worms
A

Rudolphi “father of helminthology”

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15
Q
  • Demonstrated that insects serve as intermediate hosts
A

Leuckart

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16
Q

studied parasites that
caused heart failure

A

Candido Africa (MD)

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17
Q

– fathers of Parasitology

A

Marcos Tubangui (DVM)

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18
Q

grandfather of Philippine
Parasitology

A

Liborio Gomez

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19
Q

animal does not exhibit
outward clinical sign.

A

Parasitiasis

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20
Q

animal does produce
signs

A

Parasitosis

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21
Q

Associated only with one species of host, or closely related hosts

A

Host/species specificity

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22
Q

Each parasite species has its predilection site or on the host

A

Organ specificity

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23
Q

Parasite that briefly visit their host to obtain nourishment but not dependent on them
e.g mosquito

A

Optional Occasional/Periodic Parasite

24
Q

Do not permanently live upon their host but are dependent upon them for nourishment
e.g fleas and ticks

A

Obligate Occasional Parasite

25
Parasitism is limited to stage/s in their life cycle
Determinate Transitory
26
Parasitism extends from the time of hatching of the eggs to the time that the eggs are produced by the adult e.g lice and mites
Permanent parasite
27
Cannot pass spontaneously from one host to the other e.g helminthes
Fixed Parasite
28
Wander from its usual site
Erratic and abberant Parasite
29
highly specific parasite that affects man eg. Enterobius vermicularis
Anthropoparasite
30
equally specific parasites that affects man and animals e.g. trichinella spiralis
Anthropozooparasite
31
man is essential for the life cycle e.g Taenia in man
enzoonoses
32
man is just accidentally involved
parazoonoses
33
external parasites; infestation
ectoparasite
34
infection internal parasites; infection
endoparasite
35
Require a single host specie to complete the life cycle e.g Trichuris vulpis
Monoxenous/homoxenous Parasite
36
It requires 2 or more host species to complete the life cycle.
Heteroxenous Parasite
37
Affects broad range of final hosts
Euryxenous Parasite
38
Affects narrow range of final hosts
Stenoxenous Parasite
39
harbors sexual, mature, or adult stage. eg. whipworms
Final or definitive host
40
harbors asexual, immature, or larval stage eg. Dioctophyma renale
Intermediate host
41
carriers ; final host that harbors the infection but show no sign of infection
Reservoir or Alternate hosts
42
unnatural host in which parasites are accidentally lodged and transmission is through ingestion of paratenic host
Transport or Paratenic host
43
Free living in nature can become parasitic in certain host.
Facultative Parasite
44
it must lead a parasitic existence
Obligatory Parasite
45
mistaken to be parasite
Pseudoparasite
46
From infection until egg is demonstrated
Prepatent period
47
From egg production by adults until it ceases
patent period
48
ANIMAL ASSOCIATIONS:
Symbiosis “Living Together” Mutualism Commensalism Predator-Prey Phoresis “To carry” Parasitism
49
✓ any association between at least two living organisms of different species. ✓ Each member is called a symbiont..
symbiosis
50
both organisms in the symbiotic relationship benefit
mutualism
51
only one symbiont is benefitted although the other neither benefits nor is harmed
commensalism
52
An extremely short-term relationship in which one symbiont benefits at the expense of the other.
Predator-Prey
53
✓ Smaller member of the symbiotic relationship is mechanically carried about by the larger member
phoresis
54
✓ One symbiont (parasite) lives on or within the other member (host) and may cause harm ✓ Parasite is metabolically dependent on the host
parasitism
55
Factors that influences the degree of harm done by various parasites:
1. Number of Parasites Present 2. Location of the parasites 3. Nature of their food 4. Movements of parasites 5. Age of the host 6. Virulence of parasites
56
General Pathogenecity and Pathogenic Effects of Parasites
1. Absorbing part of the digested nutrients, vitamins and minerals 2. Sucking of blood and lymph 3. Feeding on the tissues of the host 4. Causing mechanical obstruction or pressure 5. Causing growth of nodules and tumors 6. Perforating bloodvessels 7. Causing wounds 8. Destruction of tissues 9. Irritation and annoyance

MAJOR PARASITES IN FOOD ANIMALS (7 decks)

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