Introduction Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is organic chemistry?
The branch of chemistry that studies the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and synthesis of carbon-containing compounds.
True or False: Organic compounds can only contain carbon and hydrogen.
False
Which of the following is an example of an organic compound? (a) NaCl (b) C6H12O6 (c) H2O
b) C6H12O6
What element is central to organic chemistry?
Carbon
Fill in the blank: Organic compounds often contain functional groups that determine their ________.
properties
What is a functional group?
A specific group of atoms within a molecule that is responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of that molecule.
True or False: All organic compounds are derived from living organisms.
False
Name one common functional group in organic chemistry.
Hydroxyl group
What is the general formula for alkanes?
C_nH_{2n+2}
Which type of bond is found in alkenes?
Double bond
What does the term ‘isomer’ refer to in organic chemistry?
Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.
True or False: Aromatic compounds contain at least one benzene ring.
True
What is the process of converting a saturated hydrocarbon to an unsaturated hydrocarbon called?
Dehydrogenation
Fill in the blank: The simplest alkene is ________.
Ethylene (C2H4)
What type of reaction involves the addition of water to a compound?
Hydration reaction
What is a polymer?
A large molecule composed of many repeated subunits (monomers).
What is the primary structure of proteins made from?
Amino acids
Which technique is commonly used to separate organic compounds based on their boiling points?
Distillation
True or False: Organic chemistry only deals with naturally occurring compounds.
False
What is the significance of the octet rule in organic chemistry?
It explains how atoms bond to achieve a full outer shell of electrons, leading to stable molecules.
