Introduction Chapter 1

Question 1

houses, apartments, hotels

Answer 1

Residential

Question 2

offices, banks, department stores, shopping centers

Answer 2

commercial

Question 3

schools, universities, hospitals, gaols

Answer 3

institutional

Question 4

churches, theatres, museums, art galleries, leisure centres, sports stadia, etc

Answer 4

exhibition

Question 5

factories, warehouses, power stations, steelworks, aircraft hangers etc.

Answer 5

industrial

Question 6

loadbearing walls or columns in compression and walls taking in-plane or transverse loads

Answer 6

Masonry

Question 7

framed or shear wall construction in reinforced concrete is very durable and fire resistant and is used for thetallest buildings.

Answer 7

Concrete

Question 8

loadbearing walls resist loads transmitted to them by floor slabs. Stability depends on gravity loads.

Answer 8

Gravity masonry structures

Question 9

a steel or concrete skeleton collects loads from plate elements and delivers them to the foundations

Answer 9

Framed structures

Question 10

a curved surface covers space and carries loads

Answer 10

Shell structures

Question 11

cables span between anchor structures carrying membranes.

Answer 11

Tension structures

Question 12

a membrane sealed to the ground is supported by internal air pressure

Answer 12

Pneumatic structures

Question 13

structures which may be of truss or stanchion frames or rigid frame of solid or lattice members

Answer 13

single-storey

Question 14

structures of braced or rigid frame construction

Answer 14

multistorey

Question 15

space decks and domes are redundant structures, while towers may be statically determinate space structures

Answer 15

space structures

Question 16

where the cladding stabilizes the structure.

Answer 16

stressed skin structures

Question 17

Buildings must be designed and constructed according to the provisions of a building code, which is a legal document containing the requirements related to such things as

Answer 17

• Structural Safety
• Fire Safety
• Plumbing
• Ventilation
• Accessibility to the physically disabled

Question 18

AISC

Answer 18

American Institute of Steel Construction

Question 19

AASHTO

Answer 19

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

Question 20

ACI

Answer 20

American Concrete Institute

Question 21

NSCP

Answer 21

national Structural Code of the Philippines

Question 22

AISI

Answer 22

American Iron and Steel Institute

Question 23

AREMA

Answer 23

American Railway engineering and maintenance-of-way Association

Question 24

It is determining and selecting the overall dimensions of the supporting frameworks or members in a structure

Answer 24

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

Question 25

Structures are designed to resist many types of loads including dead loads, live loads, wind loads, and earthquake loads.

Answer 25

Loads and Stresses

Question 26

The dead load to be assumed in design consists of the weight of steelwork and all material permanently fastened or supported by it

Answer 26

Dead load and Live load

Question 27

For structures carrying live loads which induce impact, the assumed live load must be increased sufficiently by the percentage provided in the given table below

Answer 27

Impact loads

Question 28

is that unit tensile stress at which the stress-strain curve exhibits a well(defined increase in strain (deformation) without an increase in stress.

Answer 28

Yield Stress, Fy

Question 29

is the largest unit stress that the material achieves in a tension test

Answer 29

Tensile Strength, Fu,

Question 30

is the slope of the initial straight-line portion of the stress-strain diagram. It is usually taken as 200,000 MPa for design calculation for all structural steel

Answer 30

Modulus of Elasticity, E

Question 31

is the ability of the material to undergo large inelastic deformations without fracture.

Answer 31

Ductility

Question 32

is the ability of the material to absorb energy and is characterized by the area under stress-strain curve.

Answer 32

Toughness

Question 33

is the ability of steel to be welded without changing its basic mechanical properties.

Answer 33

Weldability

Question 34

is the ratio of the transverse strain to longitudinal strain. Poisson’s ratio is essentially the same for all structural steels and has a value of 0 in the elastic range.

Answer 34

Poisson’s Ratio

Question 35

is the ratio of the shearing stress to shearing strain during the initial elastic behavior

Answer 35

Shear Modulus

Question 36

The steel enters to a continuous casting system where it solidifies and passes through series of rollers

Answer 36

Hot-rolled

Question 37

Bending thin material such as sheet steel or plate into the desired shape without heating.

Answer 37

Cold-formed