Introduction Global Nutrition and food security Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Introduction Global Nutrition and food security Deck (21)
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1
Q

What is health?

A

Physical health: good body health, regular physical activity, good nutrition adeguate rest
Mental health: people cognitive and emotional well being

2
Q

Which are the 3 main determinant to heath?

A
  • our economy and society
  • where we live
  • what we are and do
3
Q

Causes of death in the world

A

heart diseases, stroke, diarrhea diseases, diabetes, road injury…

4
Q

Correlation between health and disease?

A

It’s a complex interaction between human functions (dna,cells, organs, system…) and environmental factors (food, society, economic…)
Nutrients influence genetic expression and can interact as cofactor in metabolic reactions

5
Q

6 basic factors that influences human function and health

A
  • food sources
  • digestion and uptake in body
  • physiological need
  • under/over consumption
  • nutrient interactions
  • security and safety
6
Q

whats’s NCDs?

A

NCDs stad for Noncommunicable diseases
it’s a medical condition that is not infectious or transferrable
it can refer to chronic diseases that are long and progress slowly
ex. stroke, lung cancer, atherosclerosis

7
Q

Which are the 4 main types of NCDs?

A

develops in genetically sucectible individuals who are exposed to risk factors (societal, behevioural, biologial like obesity)

  • cardiovascular diseases
  • cancer
  • chronic respiratory diseases
  • diabetes

They lead to death and disability

8
Q

What’s the NCDs pathway?

A

Underlying determinants (globalizaion, aging) –> common risk factors (tobacco, pollution, unhealty diet) –> intermediate risk factors(obesity, raised blood sugars..) –> diseases

9
Q

Give examples of the problems related to obesity

A

diabetes, cancer risk, liver diseases, heart diseases…

10
Q

why obesity and NCDs are increasing?

A

nutrition transition

diet from low energy dense high fiber to high energy dense food with low micronutrients

11
Q

Intervention against NCDs?

A
  • education
  • reduce tobacco and alcohol
  • enviroment with more fruits and vegetables consumption and more physical activity
12
Q

Developing countries causes?

A

conficts, natural disasters, HIV, AIDS, under,over nutrition., food insecurity

13
Q

what is food security?

A

when people can have always access to safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for active and healty life
IT’s an HUMAN RIGHT!

14
Q

ex. of the UN 17 sustainable goals SDG by 2030

A

no poverty, no hunger, good health, gender equality….

15
Q

what’s undernutrition?

A

insuffiecient food intake, repeated infectious diseases
being underweight and deficient in vitamins and minerals
BMI<18.5

16
Q

what’s malnutrition?

A

Refers both to undernutrition and overnutrion

17
Q

Define STUNTING

A

long term inadequate dietary intake and continuing bouts of infection diseases
often linked to poverty
impossible to correct but can be prevented
GROWING UP-EDUCATION-PROFESSIONAL LIFE-VICIOUS CYCLE

18
Q

Hidden malnutrition

A

stunting, nutrition related anemias iron, zinc vit A deficiences
enough energy but not enough macro and micro nutrients

19
Q

Micornutrient deficiences examples (contribution to malnutrition)

A

iron (anemia) vit.A (blindness)

Iodine (goiter,cretinism)

20
Q

What is PEM?

A

Protein-energy malnutrition

Kwashiorkor( ok energy but no protein) Marasmus (no protein no energy)

21
Q

approaches to prevent micronutrient deficiencies

A

micronutrient fortification, supplements, education, home gardening