Introduction, Macromolecules, & Energy

Question 1

Carbohydrates

Answer 1

Sugars, starches; structure ( CH2O)n

Question 2

Lipids

Answer 2

Hydrophobic molecules, fats, phospholipids

Question 3

Protein

Answer 3

Made of aminoacids,diverse functions

Question 4

Nucleotides

Answer 4

DNA/RNA building blocks

Question 5

Condensation

Answer 5

Joins monomers ( loss of H2O)

Question 6

Hydrolysis

Answer 6

Breaks bonds ( uses H2O)

Question 7

Noncovalent Bonds in Macromoles

Answer 7

Hydrogen bonds,ionic bons, Van der Waals, hydrophobic interactions

Question 8

Anabolic

Answer 8

Builds molecules ( requires energy)

Question 9

Catabolic

Answer 9

Breaks molecules ( releases energy)

Question 10

Metabolism

Answer 10

anabolic + catabolic

Question 11

ATP Hydrolysis

Answer 11

ATP—> ADP+Pi + energy
Powers unfavorable reactions by coupling

Question 12

Polymer

Answer 12

A large molecule composed of many repeating small units called monomers ( DNA, protien or syntheytic like plastics)

Question 13

which meatjod is used to analyze protein-protein interactions?

Answer 13

Co-immunoprecipitation

Question 14

Antibodies reconize antigens by

Answer 14

Complementary binding via variable region

Question 15

What role does allosteric regulation play in enzyme activity

Answer 15

Alters activity through binding at a non-active cite

Question 16

Enzymes increase the rate of reaction by ..

Answer 16

Lowering the activation energy

Question 17

Western Blot

Answer 17

Used to detect and qualify specific proteins in a complex mixture based on the weight of the protein

Question 18

What does the primary structure of a protein refer to?

Answer 18

The linear amino acid sequence

Question 19

Immunofluorescence (IF)

Answer 19

It involves using fluorescently labeled antibodies to visualize the location and distribution of specific proteins within cells or tissues.

Question 20

Co-Immunopreciptitation( co-IP)

Answer 20

Used to identify proteins that interact with a specific target protein in a protein complex( protein-protein interactions)

Question 21

immunopreciptitation( IP)

Answer 21

Isolates and purifies a protein from the complex mixture

Question 22

Physophoralation

Answer 22

ADP + PI —> ATP

Question 23

Primary Level

Answer 23

sequence of amino acids

Question 24

Secondary Level

Answer 24

Local structure: a-helices, B-sheets

Question 25

Tertiary Level

Answer 25

3D folding of a polypeptide

Question 26

Quatetary

Answer 26

Multiple polypeptide chains

Question 27

polarity

Answer 27

One end is different than the other

Question 28

Purine

Answer 28

double ring (adenine and Guanine)

Question 29

Pyraimidine

Answer 29

single ring ( thymine, cytosine, uracil

Question 30

Endergonic

Answer 30

requires energy ( stores it )

Question 31

Exergonic

Answer 31

does not require energy ( release energy)