Introduction (Psychology, Goals, School of Thoughts and Perspective)

Question 1

Psychology comes from latin words “Psyche Logia” meaning

Answer 1

Study of Soul

Question 2

Psychology is a science of _________ and ________.

Answer 2

Behavior and Mental Processes

Question 3

Outward/overt actions and reactions

Answer 3

Behavior

Question 4

Internal/covert activity of our minds

Answer 4

Mental Processes

Question 5

SOT focuses on introspective where it relies on the subject’s feelings and thoughts

Answer 5

Structuralism

Question 6

SOT focuses on why; inspired by Charles Darwin

Answer 6

Functionalism

Question 7

SOT focuses on unconscious motive; “free associate”

Answer 7

Psychoanalysis

Question 8

Psychology is founded or started by ______

Answer 8

Wilhelm Wundt, Leipzig

Question 9

SOT focuses on observable behavior

Answer 9

Behaviorism

Question 10

A set of theories focuses on the importance of early xp in shaping consciousness, thoughts, and feelings

Answer 10

Psychodynamic Theories/Perspective

Question 11

A set of theories focuses on nurturing personal growth

Answer 11

Humanistic Perspective

Question 12

Four Goals of Psychology

Answer 12

Description, Explanation, Prediction, Control

Question 13

Goal: What is happening?

Answer 13

Description

Question 14

Goal: Why is it happening?

Answer 14

Explanation

Question 15

General explanation of a set of observations and facts

Answer 15

Theory

Question 16

Goal: Will it happen again?

Answer 16

Prediction

Question 17

Goal: How can it be changed?

Answer 17

Control

Question 18

He developed the technique of the Objective Introspection process

Answer 18

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 19

Process of objectively examining and measuring one’s thoughts and mental activities

Answer 19

Objective Introspection process

Question 20

A student of Wundt; he brought structuralism in US

Answer 20

Edward Titchener

Question 21

A student of Titchener; first woman with PhD

Answer 21

Margaret Washburn

Question 22

Why did structuralism die in 1900s?

Answer 22

Because it is subjective and biased

Question 23

SOT focuses on how the mind allows people to adapt, live, work, and play

Answer 23

Functionalism

Question 24

He founded Functionalism SOT

Answer 24

William James

Question 25

Functionalism influences modern fields of the ff:

Answer 25

Educational, Evolutional, Industrial/Organization Psychology

Question 26

She was denied Ph.D. because she's a woman

Answer 26

Mary Whiton Calkins

Question 27

SOT is known as the "good figure" psychology focuses on the human mind and behavior as a whole

Answer 27

Gestalt Psychology

Question 28

In Gestalt Psychology, when trying to make sense, objects are elements of a ______ system

Answer 28

Complex

Question 29

Gestalt is founded by ________ who studied sensation and perception

Answer 29

Wertheimer

Question 30

Gestalt ideas are now part of ______ psychology: perception, learning, memory, thought processes and problem solving

Answer 30

Cognitive

Question 31

Gestalt's core is __________

Answer 31

Holism

Question 32

SOT focuses on the "unconscious mind" into which we push or repress our threatening urges and desires; also focuses on the importance of early childhood xp

Answer 32

Psychoanalysis

Question 33

He founded psychoanalysis SOT

Answer 33

Freud

Question 34

Behaviorism focuses on observable behavior only wherein it must be directly _____ and ______.

Answer 34

Seen and measured

Question 35

He founded behaviorism SOT based on Pavlov who demonstrated that reflex could be conditioned or learned; he also believed phobias were learned

Answer 35

James Watson

Question 36

She is the early pioneer in behavioral therapy.

Answer 36

Mary Cover Jones

Question 37

MP modern version of psychoanalysis focuses on dev't of a sense of self and the discovery of motivations behind a person's behavior other than sexual motivations

Answer 37

Psychodynamic Perspective

Question 38

MP focuses on behavioral conditioning founded by BF Skinner; 20th century

Answer 38

Behavioral Perspective

Question 39

He studied operant conditioning of voluntary behavior

Answer 39

BF Skinner

Question 40

It is also known as the instrumental conditioning method of learning reward and punishment of behavior; behavior and +- consequence

Answer 40

Operant Conditioning

Question 41

MP focuses on free will; freedom to choose own destiny

Answer 41

Humanistic Perspective

Question 42

Early founders of Humanistic Perspective

Answer 42

Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers

Question 43

Achieving one's full potential/actual self

Answer 43

Self Actualization

Question 44

MP focuses on memory, intelligence, perception, problem solving and learning

Answer 44

Cognitive Perspective

Question 45

MP focuses on the relationship between social behavior and culture

Answer 45

Sociocultural Perspective

Question 46

MP focuses on the attribute of human and animal behavior to bio events occurring in the body such as genetic influence, hormones, and activity of nervous system

Answer 46

Biopsychological Perspective

Question 47

MP focuses on biological bases of universal mental characteristic that all human shares such as how the mind works, behaviors seen as adaptive or survival

Answer 47

Evolutionary Perspective

Question 48

MP focuses on psychological subject matter that attempts to explain experiences from the point of view of the subject via the analysis of their written or spoken word; refers to the study of what is objective in subjective experience; phenomena experienced by human persons

Answer 48

Phenomenological Perspective

Question 49

He founded the Phenomenological Perspective

Answer 49

Hussler