Introduction to anatomy, cells and tissue

Question 1

Is the study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another

Answer 1

ANATOMY

Question 2

The structural changes that occur between conception and adulthood; traces structural changes that occur throughout the life span

Answer 2

DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY

Question 3

The study of structures that can be examined without the aid of a microscope, can be approached from either a systemic or a regional perspective

Answer 3

GROSS ANATOMY

Question 4

The body is studied system by system. A system is a group of structures that have one or more common functions, such as the cardiovascular, nervous, respiratory, skeletal, or muscular system

Answer 4

SYSTEMIC ANATOMY

Question 5

The body is studied area by area. Within each region, such as the head, abdomen, or arm, all systems are studied simultaneously; all structures in particular region of the body

Answer 5

REGIONAL ANATOMY

Question 6

The study of the external form of the body and its relation to deeper structures ; study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface.

Answer 6

SURFACE ANATOMY

Question 7

Is the study of how the body and its parts work or function and carry out their life-sustaining activities.

Answer 7

PHYSIOLOGY

Question 8

Deals with structures too small to be seen by the naked eye

Answer 8

MICROSCOPIC

Question 9

Involves interactions between atoms, which are tiny building blocks of matter. Atoms combine to form molecules, such as water, sugar, fats, and proteins. The function of a molecule is intimately related to its structure

Answer 9

CHEMICAL LEVEL

Question 10

Molecules, in turn, associate in specific ways to form microscopic cells, the smallest units of all living things.

Answer 10

CELLS

Question 11

Composed of a group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them

Answer 11

TISSUES

Question 12

A structure composed of two or more tissue types that performs a specific function for the body

Answer 12

ORGANS

Question 13

A group of organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose or to perform a common function or set of functions and are therefore viewed as a unit.

Answer 13

ORGAN SYSTEM

Question 14

Is any living thing considered as a whole—whether composed of one cell, such as a bacterium, or of trillions of cells, such as a human

Answer 14

ORGANISM

Question 15

Includes all the activities promoted by the muscular system, such as propelling ourselves from one place to another (by walking, swimming, and so forth) and manipulating the external environment with our fingers.

Answer 15

MOVEMENT

Question 16

Is the ability to sense changes (stimuli) in the environment and then to react to them. For example, if you accidentally touch a hot pan, you involuntarily pull your hand away from the painful stimulus (the pan).

Answer 16

RESPONSIVENESS

Question 17

Is the process of breaking down ingested food into simple molecules that can then be absorbed into the blood.

Answer 17

DIGESTION

Question 18

Refers to all chemical reactions that occur within the body and all of its cells.

Answer 18

METABOLISM

Question 19

The process of removing excreta, or wastes, from the body.

Answer 19

EXCRETION

Question 20

This type of anatomical plane is divided into left and right.

Answer 20

SAGITTAL

Question 21

This is the smallest unit of life.

Answer 21

CELLS

Question 22

How many different cells are there?

Answer 22

250

Question 23

Substances contributing to body mass that are found outside of the cells.

Answer 23

EXTRACELLULAR MATERIALS

Question 24

Phospholipid bilayer with protein molecules plugged in as a fluid mosaic.

Answer 24

PLASMA MEMBRANE

Question 25

Forms the fabric of the membrane (phospholipid + cholesterol)

Answer 25

Membrane Lipids

Question 26

Allows the membrane to communicate with its environment, responsible for specialized membrane function

Answer 26

Membrane Proteins

Question 27

This includes glycoproteins and glycolipids.

Answer 27

Membrane Carbohydrates

Question 28

Allow neighboring cells to adhere and to communicate, inhibit or aid in allowing movement of molecules between cells

Answer 28

Cell Junctions

Question 29

Series of changes a cell goes through from the time it is formed until it reproduces

Answer 29

CELL CYCLE

Question 30

A period from cell formation to cell division

Answer 30

INTERPHASE

Question 31

A whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur on the exposed surfaces of certain cells.

Answer 31

Cilia

Question 32

Projections formed by centrioles but longer; It propels the cell itself; allows sperm to propel itself

Answer 32

Flagella

Question 33

Tiny, finger-like extensions of the plasma membrane that project from an exposed cell surface

Answer 33

Microvilli

Question 34

Groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related function

Answer 34

TISSUES

Question 35

Sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity, a boundary-forming tissue

Answer 35

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

Question 36

Well-vascularized tissues that are responsible for most type of body movement

Answer 36

MUSCLE TISSUE

Question 37

Main component of the nervous system (brain, spinal cord and nerves) which regulates and controls body functions

Answer 37

NERVOUS TISSUE

Question 38

A structural support network made up of diverse proteins, sugars and other components and responsible for the physical maintenance of cells

Answer 38

EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX

Question 39

A long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells; obvious striations.

Answer 39

SKELETAL MUSCLE

Question 40

A branching, striated, generally uninucleate cells that connect at specialized junctions (intercalated discs).

Answer 40

CARDIAC MUSCLE