Introduction to anatomy & physiology: The body systems

Question 1

List the 11 organ systems of the human body

Answer 1

Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and the reproductive system.

Question 2

List the structures of the integumentary system

Answer 2

Hair, skin, sweat glands and nails.

Question 3

Describe the functions of the integumentary system

Answer 3

Protect against environmental hazards (1), regulation of body temperature (2) and provide sensory information (3).

Question 4

List the structures of the skeletal system

Answer 4

Bones, cartilage, ligaments, and bone marrow.

Question 5

Describe the functions of the skeletal system

Answer 5

Support and protection of other tissues (1), stores calcium and other minerals (2), and formation of blood cells (3).

Question 6

List the structures of the muscular system

Answer 6

Skeletal muscles, and tendons.

Question 7

Describe the functions of the muscular system

Answer 7

Movement (1), protection and support of other tissues (2), and generates heat (3).

Question 8

List the structures of the nervous system

Answer 8

Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and sense organs.

Question 9

Describe the functions of the nervous system

Answer 9

Directs immediate response to stimuli (1), coordinates activities of other organ systems (2), and provides and interprets sensory information about external conditions (3).

Question 10

List the structures of the endocrine system

Answer 10

Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, testes and ovaries.

Question 11

Describe the functions of the endocrine system

Answer 11

Directs long term changes in activities of other organ systems (1), adjusts metabolic activity and energy use (2), and controls structural and functional changes during development (3).

Question 12

List the structures of the cardiovascular system

Answer 12

Heart, blood and blood vessels.

Question 13

Describe the functions of the cardiovascular system

Answer 13

Distributes blood cells, water, nutrients, waste products, oxygen and carbon dioxide (1) and distributes heat (2) and assists in control of body temperature (3).

Question 14

List the structures of the lymphatic system

Answer 14

Thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, and lymphatic vessels.

Question 15

Describe the function of the lymphatic system

Answer 15

Defends against infection and disease (1) and returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream (2).

Question 16

List the structures of the respiratory system

Answer 16

Nasal passage and cavities, trachea, lungs, sinuses, larynx, bronchi, and alveoli.

Question 17

Describe the functions of the respiratory system

Answer 17

Delivers air to the alveoli (1), provides oxygen to the bloodstream (2), removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream (3), and produces sound (4).

Question 18

List the structures of the digestive system

Answer 18

Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, large and small intestine.

Question 19

Describe the function of the digestive system

Answer 19

Produces and digests food (1), absorbs and conserves water (2), absorbs nutrients (3), and stores energy reserves (4).

Question 20

List the structures of the urinary system

Answer 20

Kidneys, the urinary bladder, ureters, and urethra.

Question 21

Describe the functions of the urinary system

Answer 21

Excretes waste products from the blood (1), controls water balance by regulating volume of urine produced (2), stories urine prior to elimination (3), and regulates blood ion concentration and pH (4).

Question 22

List the structures of the male reproductive system

Answer 22

Epididymis, reproductive tracts and testes (gonad).

Question 23

List the structures of the female reproductive system

Answer 23

Mammary glands, ovaries (gonad), reproductive tracts and the uterus.

Question 24

Describe the function of the male reproductive system

Answer 24

To produce sex cells such as sperm (1), produce hormones (2).

Question 25

Describe the function of the female reproductive system

Answer 25

Produce sex cells such as oocytes (1), produce hormones (2), support developing embryo (3), and provide milk for newborns (4).