Introduction to Auto Repair Flashcards
(104 cards)
1
Q
What are the eight repair areas
A
A1. Engine Repair A2. Automatic Transmission and Transaxle A3. Manual Drive Train and Axles A4. Steering and Suspension System A5. Brakes A6. Electrical and Electronic Systems A7. Heating and Air Conditioning A8. Engine Performance
2
Q
What is the source of the vehicle’s power
A
The Engine
3
Q
What is a drivetrain
A
A system that connects the engine and transmission to the wheels
4
Q
What are the three basic drivetrain categories
A
Front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive and four-wheel drive
5
Q
What is the purpose of the transmission
A
To fluently allow the automobile to operate at normal capacity over different terrains and speeds
6
Q
What are the two types of transmissions
A
Manual and Automatic
7
Q
What is disengaged when changing gear ratio’s on a manual transmission
A
The Clutch
8
Q
Front-wheel drive vehicles use what type of transmission
A
transaxle
9
Q
What keeps the tires in contact with the road
A
The vehicle suspension
10
Q
Which two components allow the driver to operate the automobile
A
The steering system and suspension
11
Q
What is the purpose of electronic power steering
A
Aids the driver to turn fluently
12
Q
What are the two types of brake systems
A
Drum brakes and disc brakes
13
Q
What prevents a vehicle from locking up during a sudden stop
A
Antilock brake system
14
Q
What is considered the brains of the vehicle
A
The electrical and electronic systems
15
Q
All automotive electrical systems operate on what type of current
A
Direct current
16
Q
What is direct current
A
A constant source of electrical voltage that does not vary
17
Q
An automatic transmission can have how many gear ratio speeds.
A
Four to Eight
18
Q
An manual transmission can have how many gear ratio speeds.
A
Four or Five
19
Q
What type of engines do automobiles use
A
Internal combustion engines
20
Q
The ____ is a hollow metal tube that’s drilled into the metal engine block.
A
cylinder
21
Q
The ____ is a can-shaped metal component that can move up and down inside the cylinder.
A
piston
22
Q
The top of the cylinder is sealed by a metal cover called the ____
A
The cylinder head
23
Q
The small open space above the piston is called the ____
A
Combustion Chamber
24
Q
A piston located at the lowest point is called ____
A
Bottom dead center
25
A piston located at the highest point is called ____
Top dead center
26
What is the purpose of a piston ring
To form a tight seal between the piston and the cylinder
27
The diameter of a cylinder is referenced as
Bore
28
The movement of the piston from top to bottom is called ____
Stroke
29
What is clearance/compression/combustion space
The space between the piston and cylinder head, when the piston is at top dead center
30
When the engine is oversquared
The bore is larger than the stroke - power is rpm
31
When the engine is undersquared
The stroke is larger than the bore - power is torque
32
Before top dead center (BTDC)
Before top dead center is a point of piston travel through its upstroke.
33
After top dead center (ATDC)
After top dead center is a point of piston travel through its downstroke.
34
Square engine
This term is used to describe an engine in which the cylinder bore diameter is exactly equal to the piston stroke dimension. When bore and stroke values are expressed, bore always appears before stroke.
35
What is the Otto-Cycle
Take in air and fuel (Intake)
Compress (squeeze) the air and fuel (Compression)
Ignite and burn the air-and-fuel mixture (Power)
Get rid of the burned fuel gases (Exhaust)
36
What are the two types of gasoline engines
Two-stroke and Four-stroke
37
A four stroke engine contains two mechanical valves called
Intake/Exhaust
38
GDI
In gasoline direct injection (GDI), the fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber where the air and fuel are mixed together, similar to a diesel engine.
39
What is work
Work is force times distance, expressed in foot-pounds or Newton-meters.
40
____ is a form of work, calculated by multiplying force times length.
Torque
41
____ is the rate of doing work or torque, and equals 550 foot-pounds per second.
Horsepower
42
____ is the volume of displacement in the pistons, measured in cubic inches or liters.
Engine Size
43
What does compression ratio compare
Compression ratio compares the cylinder volumes at BDC and TDC.
44
Intake Stage
air that has been mixed with fuel is drawn into the cylinder.
45
Compression Stage
the piston rises and compresses the air-and-fuel mixture that’s trapped in the combustion chamber.
46
Power Stage
the air-and-fuel mixture is ignited by a spark, and the contained explosion of the fuel presses the piston back down in the cylinder. The downward motion of the piston is transferred to the rod and crankshaft.
47
Exhaust Stage
the burned exhaust gases are released from the cylinder. The four stages then begin all over again.
48
The total engine ___________ is stated as the volume of the space swept through by all the pistons.
Displacement
49
The ___________ is the ratio of the total cylinder volume to the clearance volume.
Compression Ratio
50
ASE
Automotive Service Excellence
51
NATEF
National Automotive Technician Education Foundation
52
General Service Technician
A individual who can repair any type of mechanical problem that occurs on a vehicle
53
Specialty Technician
A person that specializes in repair of one certain aspect
54
Lubrication Specialist
A technician that lubricates all the moving parts of an automobile, checks oil levels in the engine, transmission, and inspects battery, radiator, steering system, shock absorbers, and tires
55
Diagnostic Technician
A specialist who uses a written checklist to inspect each vehicle system, reviews the checks, and provides estimated cost
56
Diagnostic Center
A shop that estimates repairs
57
Parts Specialist
A individual responsible for ordering, inventorying, and distributing parts to repair technicians in the shop
58
Brakes Specialist
A person who troubleshoots, repairs, an replaces all brake systems
59
Transmission Specialist
A person who works on gear trains, couplings, hydraulic pumps, and other transmission parts
60
Front End Specialist
A person who services and repairs steering systems and performs wheel balancing jobs and alignments
61
Electrical System Specialist
Technician that handles repairs on alternators, starters, and electrical wiring. In addition to electrical accessories such as seat controls, windows, door locks, etc.
62
Passenger Comfort Specialist
A person who installs troubleshoots and repairs heating and air conditioning systems in automobiles
63
Maintenance and Light Repair Technician
A person who checks out and prepares cars for delivery through testing and operating all the car systems, and performs checkups offered by the dealership after certain mileage is reached.
64
Service Consultant
A person who deals directly with customers, also called service adviser or service writer
65
Service Manager
A person who is in charge of the repair shops entire service department and responsible for overall operation of the shop
66
Fleet Technician
A person employed by a organization to service all company owned vehicles
67
Mobile Business
A business where technicians takes service calls and travels to each site with all the tools neccessary
68
Engine
The source of a vehicle's power, basic work needed to operate all other parts of the vehicle
69
Drivetrain
The system that connects the engine and transmission to the wheels
70
Front-Wheel Drive System
Known as FWD, most common drivetrain, two front wheels are driven by the engine and two rear wheels rotate freely
71
Read-Wheel Drive System
RWD, drivetrain that only uses two rear wheels while the two front wheels rotate freely
72
Four-Wheel Drive System
A drivetrain where all wheels of vehicle are driven by the engine, also called AWD
73
Transmission System
System that helps a vehicle change speeds to operate efficiently in all conditions
74
Automatic Transmission
A transmission that shifts gears automatically with a limited amount of input from the driver
75
Manual Transmission
A transmission drive in which gear ratios are changed by manually shifiting
76
Clutch
The connection between the engine and transmission
77
Electrical System
The system that manages everything from engine operation to the temperature inside the vehicle, brains of automobile
78
Heating, Ventilation, and Cooling System
Also called HVAC, system designed to keep vehicle at optimal temperature
79
Gear Ratio
The number of turns/revolutions made by a drive gear compared to the number of turns made by a driven gear, also the ratio between the number of teeth on two gears
80
Transaxle
A device that combines a transmission and drivetrain in all one unit
81
Steering System
A system that allows the driver to control the direction of the vehicle
82
Suspension System
A system that keeps the tires in contact with the road
83
Electronic Power Steering System
A system where electronic motor provides powered assistance to the driver known as EPS
84
Power Assist
A system that makes it easier to turn the steering wheel
85
Antilock Brake System
Also called ABS; brake systems that uses wheel speed sensors, computer, and hydraulic actuator to maintain directional stability and steerability during braking, prevents wheel lock ups and skidding
86
Internal Combustion Engine
An engine where fuel is burned on the inside; power as in modern vehicles
87
External Combustion Engine
An engine where fuel is burned on the outside; steam engines
88
Cylinder
Hollow tube drilled into the metal engine block
89
Engine Block
Central casting of the engine
90
Piston
Can-shaped metal component that rides up and down in the cylinder, main moving part in an engine
91
Cylinder Head
Metal cover that attaches the engine block and contains combustion chambers, valves, and spark plugs
92
Combustion Chamber
The volume of space about the piston with the piston at the top dead center in which the compression stroke, its formed by the head of the piston, cylinder walls and the cylinder head
93
Spark Plug
Component in the cylinder head used to make sparks that will ignite an air-and-fuel mixture in the cylinder and cause it to burn
94
Rod and Crankshaft Assembly
Parts in an engine that convert up-and-down motion of the piston into rotary motion
95
Rotary motion
Type of motion the movement is in a circular motion, also called circular motion
96
Bottom Dead Center
BDC; lowest position in the cylinder that a piston can travel without traversing its direction
97
Clearance Volume
Space above a piston when its at top dead center
98
Squared Engine
An engine in which the cylinder bore and piston stroke are equal
99
Oversquared Engine
An engine in which the bore is larger than the piston stroke dimension
100
Undersquared Engine
An engine in which the cylinder bore diameter is smaller than the stroke dimension
101
Four-Stroke Cycle
Also called the Otto cycle, four stages of operating an engine
102
Thermal Efficiency
Portion of head supplied to the engine that is turned into work
103
Work
Transfer of energy from one physical system to another
104
Combustion
The intense burning of fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber
