INTRODUCTION TO BIOCHEM

Question 1

What are the three types of biochemistry

Answer 1

plant biochemistry
General biochemistry
Human/ medical/ medicinal biochemistry

Question 2

Organisms can be split into 2 trophs, and what are they

Answer 2

phototrophs and chemotrophs

Question 3

phototrophs split into

Answer 3

auto trophs - use carbon from c02
heterotrophs - use light and carbon from organic compounds. still need to eat organic food.

Question 4

chemotrophs split into

Answer 4

heterotrophs which split into lithotrophs ( energy from inorganic ) , organotrophs ( energy from organic )

Question 5

what is the function of plant cell starch granule

Answer 5

it temporarily stores carbohydrate products of photosynthesis

Question 6

what is the function of plant cell plasmodesma

Answer 6

provides path between 2 plant cells

Question 7

what is the function of plant cell glyoxysome

Answer 7

contains enzymes of glyoxylate cycle

Question 8

Draw aspartate amino acid

Answer 8

Question 9

draw tyrosine

Answer 9

Question 10

draw histidine

Answer 10

Question 11

draw cysteine

Answer 11

Question 12

draw serine

Answer 12

Question 13

draw alanine

Answer 13

Question 14

what is the difference between a nucleotide and nucleoside

Answer 14

A nucleoside consists of a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, or uracil) bonded to a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose).

A nucleotide is a nucleoside with one or more phosphate groups attached to the sugar’s 5’ carbon.

Key difference: Nucleotide = Nucleoside + Phosphate group(s)

Question 15

draw uracil

Answer 15

Question 16

draw thymine

Answer 16

Question 17

draw cytosine

Answer 17

Question 18

draw adenine

Answer 18

Question 19

draw guanidine

Answer 19

Question 20

difference between purines and pyrimidines

Question 21

draw alpha d ribose

Answer 21

Question 22

draw 2 alpha d deoxy ribose

Answer 22

Question 23

What amino acids type do we find in the body
What sugar type do we find in the body

Answer 23

amino - L type
Sugar - D type

Question 24

What lipids/ amino acids are found in the human body
please draw

Answer 24

phosphoric acid
oleate
palmitate
choline
glycerol

Question 25

draw alpha D glucose

Answer 25

Question 26

draw sulfhydryl

Answer 26

R---S---H

Question 27

draw guanidino

Answer 27

Question 28

draw amido

Answer 28

Question 29

draw phosphoryl

Answer 29

Question 30

draw phosphoanhydride

Answer 30

Question 31

what is this

Answer 31

mixed anhydride

Question 32

draw maleic acid

Answer 32

Question 33

please explain the role of acetyl coenzyme a

Answer 33

Acetyl-CoA is a central metabolic intermediate that: - Links carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism - Carries acetyl groups (2-carbon units) into the citric acid cycle -Provides acetyl units for fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis -Forms when pyruvate is oxidatively decarboxylated and during fatty acid oxidation -Participates in acetylation reactions, including histone modification The molecule consists of coenzyme A (derived from pantothenic acid) bound to an acetyl group through a high-energy thioester bond.

Question 34

Gibbs free energy representing the usage / creation of ATP

Answer 34

Question 35

talk about catabolic and anabolic

Answer 35

in the body there is equilibrium . there is a similar rate of catabolic reactions and anabolic reactions occurring. sometimes the product either reaction makes is used / required / destroyed by the other reaction.

Question 36

draw fumaric acid

Answer 36

Question 37

draw 11 retinal

Answer 37

Question 38

draw trans retinal

Answer 38