introduction to caries symposium Flashcards
what is necessary for caries to develop?
Tooth surface
substrate
flora
time
what are the key cariogenic bacteria?
- streptococcus mutans
- Lactobacillus acidophilus
- Candida albicans
virulence factor of S. mutans
- Glucans
- acid tolerance
- adhesins
- Polysaccharides
whats the first care management process one should do when consulting caries?
caries risk assessment
what are the 7 elements of caries risk?
clinical evidence of caries
saliva
dietary habits
social history
medical history
fluoride use
plaque control
what clinical evidence of caries should be taken into consideration when assessing risk?
DMFT > 5 high risk
orthodontics increases caries risk
prosthodontics increase caries risk
what dietary evidence should be considered when assessing caries risk?
only 3 sugar intakes per day
frequency worse than the amount
high process carbs are more cariogenic than natural sugars, but natural can still cause harm.
what role does saliva play in the hindrance of caries?
- antibacterial
- Diluting food debris and bacteria
- Neutralizing acid by buffering
- Clearance
- Promote remineralization
viscosity important (more viscous is worse)
what role does oral hygiene play in caries development?
what barriers may there be to oral hygiene?
poor oral hygiene increases risk
poor brushing technique and no interdental cleaning is increasing risk
young/old may need aid when brushing
access to toothbrush
orthodontics or pros make brushing harder
how may medication influence caries development?
xerostomia medication increases saliva and decreases caries
drug side effects can worsen oral hygiene
sugar in drugs and medication promotes caries so should use medication with no sugar
what is a typical high-risk child?
mother has poor attendance and secondary education
low social class (e.g. single parent)
poor diet sugar often
brushes once a day or less
poor health or chronic sickness
regular sugar-based medication
what is a typical high-risk adult?
low-level education
attends only when there is an issue
social difficulties
sweet tooth and sugar-containing medication
secondary caries
What would make a toddler high caries risk?
prolonged nursing habits
cariogenic snacking
little fluoride exposure
feeder bottle at bedtime with anything other than water
what 8 elements make up the preventative programme?
radiographs
toothbrushing instruction
strength of fluoride
fluoride varnish
fluoride supplementation
diet advice
fissure sealant
sugar-free medication
pH value thta starts demineralisation
below 5.5
