Introduction To Circuit Theory Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are the 7 basic SI units and what do they measure?
Meter (m): Length
Kilogram (kg): Weight
Second (s): Time
Ampere (A): Electric current
Kelvin (K): Temperature
Mole (mol): Amount of substance
Candela (cd): Brightness of light
These are the foundational units for measurement in the International System of Units (SI).
Convert 1 kilometer to meters.
1 kilometer = 1,000 meters
This conversion is essential for understanding metric measurements.
Convert 1 millimeter to meters.
1 millimeter = 0.001 meters
This shows the relationship between millimeters and meters.
What are atoms made of?
Electrons (negative), protons (positive), and neutrons (neutral)
Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter.
Where are electrons located in an atom?
Orbiting around the nucleus
Electrons are found in regions called electron shells around the nucleus.
What is the role of valence electrons?
They determine how reactive the atom is
Valence electrons are crucial for chemical bonding.
Why is copper a good conductor?
It has 1 valence electron that it easily gives away
This property makes copper effective in conducting electricity.
What are conductors? Give examples.
Materials where electrons move easily (e.g., copper, silver)
Conductors are essential in electrical applications.
What are insulators? Give examples.
Materials where electrons don’t move easily (e.g., plastic, wood)
Insulators prevent the flow of electric current.
What are semiconductors? Give an example.
Materials between conductors and insulators (e.g., silicon)
Semiconductors are vital in electronics, especially in chips.
What is the unit of electric charge?
Coulomb (C)
The coulomb is the standard unit used to measure electric charge.
1 Coulomb equals how many electrons?
Approximately 6.25 × 10¹⁸ electrons
This conversion highlights the relationship between charge and electron count.
What charges do electrons and protons have?
Electrons: negative; Protons: positive
The charges of these particles are fundamental to electrostatic interactions.
What happens when same charges are near each other?
They repel
This is a fundamental principle of electrostatics.
What happens when opposite charges are near each other?
They attract
This attraction is the basis for many chemical and physical interactions.
What is electricity?
The flow of electrons through a wire
Electricity is a key concept in circuit theory.
What is electric current?
The number of electrons passing per second
Current is a measure of the flow of electric charge.
What is the unit of current?
Ampere (A)
The ampere is the standard unit for measuring electric current.
What does more current mean?
More electrons are flowing
This indicates a stronger flow of electricity in a circuit.
What is voltage?
The pressure pushing electrons through a wire
Voltage is also referred to as electric potential difference.
What does higher voltage mean?
A stronger push of electrons
Higher voltage can lead to greater current if resistance remains constant.
What is resistance?
How hard it is for current to flow
Resistance is a key factor in Ohm’s Law.
What is the unit of resistance?
Ohm (Ω)
The ohm is the standard unit for measuring electrical resistance.
How does wire thickness affect resistance?
Thin wire = more resistance; Thick wire = less resistance
This relationship is important for circuit design.
