Introduction to Counseling Flashcards
(49 cards)
Who defined counseling as: “The artful application of scientifically derived psychological knowledge and techniques for the purpose of changing human behavior.”?
Burke, 1989
Who defined counseling as: “A helping relationship that includes someone seeking help and someone willing to give help who is trained to help in a setting that permits help to be given and received.” ?
Cormier & Hackney, 1987
Who defined counseling as: “Consists of whatever ethical activities a counselor undertakes in an effort to help the client engage in those types of behavior which will lead to resolution of the client’s problems.” ?
Krumboltz, 1965
Who defined counseling as: “Is about finding meaning and purpose, overcoming obstacles in life, and developing innate potential—it is about what it means to be human.” ?
Archer & McCarthy, 2007
Who defined counseling as: “A relationship in which one of the parties has the intent of promoting the growth, development, maturity and improved functioning of the other.” ?
Carl Rogers, 1965
How is counseling a PROCESS?
It makes use of procedures to make meaningful contribution to the experience.
How is counseling a RELATIONSHIP?
It is characterized by trust, confidence and mutual respect to resolve difficulties, make plans and realize self-fulfillment
__________ + ___________ = Psychotherapy
Psyche, Therapia
What does “psyche” mean?
Soul/Spirit
What does “therapia” mean?
Healing/Medical treament
What was the first meaning of psychotherapy?
- Hypnotherapy
2. The treatment of disease by psychic methods
When psychotherapy was first recorded in 1853, what was it called?
Psychotherapeia, or the “remedial influence of mind”
The definition of psychotherapy as “the treatment of disorders of the mind or personality by psychological or psycho- physiological methods” or its modern meaning, was first used by who?
Frederic van Eeden in 1892
Who defined psychotherapy as “a situation in which two people interact and try to come to an understanding of one another, with the specific goal of accomplishing something beneficial for the complaining person”?
Bruch, 1981
What are the common forms of psychotherapy?
Spoken conversation Written word Artwork/Drawing Drama/Role-playing Narrative story Music Play
Counseling : less intensive :: Psychoherapy : _____________
Both intensive and extensive
Counseling is focused on __________, while psychotherapy is focused on ___________
Preventive mental health; Reparative intervention
GOALS
Counseling : _________________ :: Psychotherapy : ___________________
oriented towards education and developmental concerns ; generally remedial
WORKPLACE
Counseling : _________________ :: Psychotherapy : ___________________
educational settings ; hospital settings or in private practice
DURATION
Counseling : _________________ :: Psychotherapy : ___________________
12-15 sessions ; beyond 15 sessions (after counseling)
CHARACTERISTICS
Counseling : _________________ :: Psychotherapy : ___________________
educational, supportive, conscious, oriented in the present, with emphasis on the normal and “short- term” ; in- depth, analytical oriented in the past, emphasis on dysfunction and “long-term”
Common features of counselors and psychotherapists according to Frank (1973)
A counselor having a personal commitment to help clients
A counselor being given a certain degree of authority and thus inspiring faith and hope in clients
A counselor acting as a mediator between suffering clients and the larger society
A counselor helping clients release emotions, rethink problems and restore morale simply by listening in an empathic manner
A counselor offering a framework for change by providing an explanatory scheme that helps clients understand suffering
A counselor being actively involved in the process of change, over a number of sessions
Counselors convert psychological principles into teachable skills through _________.
Training
Effective counseling entails…
Improved relationships
Better coping skills
Personal growth
