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BMS2.11 Introduction to Cytology Lab > Introduction to Cytology Lab > Flashcards

Introduction to Cytology Lab Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

What is the structure in the center green circle?

A

nucleolus

EM

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2
Q

What is the image in the black circle?

A

intercellular space between two lipid bilayers

EM

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3
Q

What is the black arrow pointing to?

A

intercellular space

LM

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4
Q

What is the structure outlined in white?

A

nucleolus

EM

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5
Q

What is the black arrow pointing at?

A

nuclear pore

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6
Q

What are the black arrows pointing at?

A

nuclear pores

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7
Q

Function and structure of cell membrane:

A
  • Barrier between two aqueous compartments
  • Phospholipid bilayer (5-10nm in width)
  • composed of cholesterol, glycolipids, phospholipids, proteins
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8
Q

Function of nucleolus:

A
  • Synthesis of ribosomal rRNA and assembly of ribosomal subunits
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9
Q

Function of nuclear pore:

A
  • Communication gates for macromolecules between cytoplasm and nucleus
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10
Q

The inner nuclear membrane is associated with:

A

nuclear lamins

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11
Q

The outer nuclear membrane is continuous with:

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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12
Q

What are the black arrows pointing to?

A

mitochondria

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13
Q

What are the black arrows pointing to?

A
  • left arrow = mitochondria double membrane
  • top arrow = mitochondria cristae
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14
Q

Mitochondria structure and function:

A
  • ATP production
  • double membrane
  • cristae = folds of inner membrane
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15
Q

Golgi function:

A
  • Modifying, Sorting and Packaging of proteins
  • Targeting enzymes to lysosomes
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16
Q

What is the white arrow pointing to?

A

Golgi apparatus

  • left = EM; stacks
  • right = LM; used silver stain
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17
Q

Golgi can only be visualized with what type of stain?

A

silver stain

will not be visualized in LM with H&E

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18
Q

What is the red arrow pointing to?

A

unstained Golgi in LM with H&E

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19
Q

Lysosome function:

A
  • Membrane bound granules containing hydrolytic enzymes
  • Very difficult to recognize under EM
  • Can be identified using immunocytochemistry
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20
Q

Cell inclusions are:

A
  • Structures in cytoplasm formed from metabolic products of cell.
  • Considered nonliving components of cell.
    • Glycogen (no membrane)
    • Lipid droplets (no membrane)
    • Pigment granules (membrane)
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21
Q

What are the black arrows pointing to?

A

glycogen in EM

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22
Q

What is the black arrow pointing to?

Study These Flashcards
A

Glycogen in LM

stained with Best Carmine Stain

23
Q

What are the arrows pointing to?

Study These Flashcards
A

lipid droplet in EM

24
Q

What is the white arrow pointing to?

Study These Flashcards
A

lipid droplets in LM

stained with toluidine blue

25
Lipid content is usually _____ during the dehydration process of embedding sections.
* washed out * lipid droplets appear empty in the H&E sections
26
Secretory granules are:
* membrane bound packets of stored products which have gone through the biosynthetic pathway
27
What are the arrows pointing to?
secretory granules * left = EM (dark spots, constant shape) * right = LM (red spots, constant shape)
28
Cells storing many granules is indicative of:
regulated secretion
29
What are the green and black arrows pointing to?
* green arrow = secretory vesicles * black arrow = rough ER
30
Rough ER function and structure:
* Membrane system studded with ribosomes * Responsible for: * Protein synthesis * Glycosylation of glycoproteins
31
Smooth ER structure and function:
* System of vesicles and tubules * Lipid and steroid biosynthesis * Detoxification of drugs * Ca++ storage,
32
What are black arrows pointing to?
smooth ER * right = EM * left = LM
33
Functions of cytoskeleton:
* Cell movement * Support and strength for the cell * Phagocytosis * Cytokinesis * Cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adherance * Changes cell shape
34
Can Microfilaments, microtubules, or intermediate filaments be seen under LM?
no
35
What are the black arrows pointing to?
Actin filaments of microvilli
36
What is this an image of?
cross-section of actin microfilaments of microvilli
37
Actin forms the structural basis of:
* Microvilli * Steriocilia * Adherent junctions * Anchorage and movements of membrane proteins
38
Microvilli:
* Extension of the cell membrane whose core is actin filaments
39
Microtubules:
* Small cylindrical structures composed of tubulin * 25nm diameter
40
Microtubules form the structural basis of:
* Centrioles * Cilia * Basal bodies * Mitotic spindles Involved in intracellular traffic of vesicles
41
What is this an image of?
centriole
42
What are the dark structures in this image?
centrioles
43
Centrioles:
* 9 triplets of microtubules * Usually paired structures * Important association with microtubule-organizing center of cells * Mitotic activity * Unable to see under LM
44
What is the green arrow pointing to?
cilia
45
What is this an image of?
cross-section of cilia
46
Cilia:
* Extension of the cell membrane whose core is microtubules * Core of 9 doublets + 1 central doublet of microtubules
47
What is on the left and what is on the right?
* left = microvilli (tight and uniform packed) * right = cilia
48
What are the black arrows pointing to?
intermediate filaments
49
Intermediate filaments:
* Provide mechanical support for the cell * 10nm diameter
50
Location of intermediate filaments:
* Hemidesmosomes * Epidermis of skin * Skeletal muscle cells * Astrocytes * Nuclear lamins
51
What is pictured in this image?
hemidesmosome * attaches epithelial cell to connective tissue
52
What are the black arrows pointing to?
Junctional Complexes in LM with H&E (terminal bar)
53
What are the three domains of a junctional complex?
* zonula occludens (top) * zonula adherens (middle) * macula adherens (bottom)

BMS2.11 Introduction to Cytology Lab (1 decks)

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