Introduction to Fundamentals of Anatomy and Biomechanics Flashcards
What is the musculoskeletal system made up of?
- muscles
- bones
- ligaments
- joints
- tendons
What is an Isometric Contraction?
Length of muscle doesn’t change.
What is a Concentric Contraction?
Muscles shorten generating force, overcome resistance.
What is an Eccentric Contraction?
Elongation of a muscle while the muscle is still generating force, in effect, resistance is greater than the force generated.
What is a tendon?
Connective tissue which connects muscle to bone.
What do tendons do?
Transmit mechanical tension of muscle contractions to the bones.
Reduce cyclic muscle work to save energy during movement.
What do tendons store and release during movement ?
Elastic energy.
What is the origin of a muscle?
Proximal attachment (tendon) of muscle.
Often doesn’t move during contraction.
What is the insertion of a muscle?
Distal attachment (tendon) of muscle.
Often does move during contraction.
What is a joint/articulation?
Connection made between bones.
Links the skeletal system into a functional whole.
What is a ligament?
Connective tissue which attaches bone to bone.
Holds bones together keeping them stable.
What is a pivot joint?
Allows rotary movement around a single axis.
Permits movement in one transverse plane.
What is a hinge joint?
Articular surfaces moulded to each other to permit movement in one sagittal plane.
What is a hinge joint?
Articular surfaces moulded to each other to permit movement in one sagittal plane.
What is a saddle joint?
Permits movement in a sagittal and coronal plane. One of the bones forming the joint is shaped like a saddle and the other is shaped like a horse rider.
