Introduction to IP

Question 1

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol0

Answer 1

A connection-oriented protocol used for reliable communication. It establishes a connection before data is sent, ensures delivery, and handles retransmissions and ordering of packets.

Question 2

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

Answer 2

A connectionless protocol that sends data without establishing a session. It offers fast delivery, but with no error checking or guarantee of delivery.

Question 3

IP (Internet Protocol)

Answer 3

The primary protocol used for routing packets across networks. Each device on the network must have an unique IP address.

Question 4

Port Number

Answer 4

A numerical identifier in TCP/UDP used to distinguish different services or applications on a device (e.g., web server uses port 80 for HTTP).

Question 5

Socket

Answer 5

A combination of an IP address and port number used to uniquely identiify a netwoork service on a device.

Question 6

Multiplexing

Answer 6

A technique allowing multiple applications to send and receive data over a single network connection using unique port numbers.

Question 7

Connection-Oriented Protocool

Answer 7

A communication method (like TCP) that requires session initiation, data delivery confirmation, and session termination.

Question 8

Connectionless Protocol

Answer 8

A communication method (like UDP) that does not establish a session or guarantee packet delivery.

Question 9

Non-Ephemeral Ports

Answer 9

Also known as well-known ports, these are predefined by the IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) and range from 0 to 1023.

Question 10

Ephemeral Ports

Answer 10

Temporary ports assigned by the client’s operating system for short-lived communications, typically in the range 1024-65535.