Introduction to labour and birth Flashcards
Define pre-term.
Labour that happens before 37 weeks of pregnancy
Define full-term.
Between 37 and 42 weeks of pregnancy
Define post-term.
Extended beyond 42 weeks of pregnancy
The first stage of labour begins with what?
The first stage of labour ends with what?
Begins - with contractions
Ends - full dilation of cervix
The second stage of labour begins with what?
The second stage of labour ends with what?
Begins - full dilation of cervix
Ends - delivery of the baby
The third stage of labour begins with what?
The third stage of labour ends with what?
Begins - delivery of the baby
Ends - delivery of the placenta
What changes mark the transition from the latent phase to the active first stage of labour in terms of contractions and cervical dilation?
Latent phase - contractions irregular
Active phase - contractions regular
Latent phase - dilation 0 - 4cm
Active phase - dilation 4 - 10cm
In the first stage of labour, which 2 times should the foetal heart rate be auscultated?
Every 15 minutes
After every contraction
What are the 3 types of foetal lie?
Longitudinal
Transverse
Oblique
What are the 5 types of foetal presentation?
Cephalic
Breech
Brow
Face
Shoulder
What are the 7 cardinal movements of labour?
Engagement
Descent
Flexion
Internal rotation
Extension
External rotation
Expulsion
What are the 3 cardinal signs of separation of the placenta?
Gush of blood
Lengthening of the umbilical cord
Rise of uterine fundus, and globular in shape
What are the 3 components of active management of delivery of the placenta?
Use of uterotonic drugs
Controlled cord traction after signs of separation of the placenta
Cord clamping and cutting of the cord
What are the 4 kinds of forceps?
Neville Barnes
Venthouse / kiwi
Wrigley’s
Keilland’s
