Introduction to Literature

Question 1

ENUMERATION: what are the types and forms of Literature

Answer 1

TYPES:

• written
• oral
• visual

FORMS:

• prose
• poetry

Question 2

ENUMERATION: what are the types of prose?

Answer 2

• fiction

- non-fiction

Question 3

ENUMERATION: what are the types of poetry

Answer 3

• narrative
• lyric
• drama

Question 4

It is the story about gods and goddesses

Answer 4

Myth

Question 5

It is the story about the origin of a place or a thing

Answer 5

Legend

Question 6

A long narrative divided into several chapters and usually taken from true-to-life evenets

Answer 6

Novel

Question 7

Is an organized plot usually with a single impression

Answer 7

Short Story

Question 8

A story that uses animals as characters and with moral lesson

Answer 8

Fable

Question 9

A story used by Jesus in teaching the Good News

Answer 9

Parable

Question 10

It is presented on stage, divided into acts, and each act has many scenes

Answer 10

Plays

Question 11

It is true and happening in our day to day life

Answer 11

Non-fiction

Question 12

It expresses a viewpoint or opinion of a writer about a particular problem or event.

Answer 12

Essays

Question 13

Is a life story of a person written by another person

Answer 13

Biography

Question 14

Is a collection of articles about various current events

Answer 14

News

Question 15

It is a collection of articles regarding the lifestyle of man

Answer 15

Magazine

Question 16

It is a formal treatment of a subject and is intended to be spoken in public.

Answer 16

Oration

Question 17

Is a brief story, revealing account of an individual person or an incident.

Answer 17

Anecdote

Question 18

What are the 3 kinds of narrative poetry?

Answer 18

• epic
• ballad
• metric tale

Question 19

It is a narrative poem about supernatural powers possessed by heroes and heroines

Answer 19

Epic

Question 20

It is a poem with harmony and rhythm, usually referred to as a song accompanying a dance

Answer 20

Ballad

Question 21

is written in verse and can be classified either a ballad or a metrical romance; deals with the emotions or phase of life and the story is told in a simple, straightforward and realistic manner.

Answer 21

Metrical Tale

Question 22

a lyric poem with 12 syllables, with melodious harmony and rhythm of a guitar or banduria.

Answer 22

Awit or Song

Question 23

a poem consisting of 14 iambic pentameter lines

Answer 23

Sonnet

Question 24

a lyrical poem praising or glorifying an event or individual, describing nature intellectually as well as emotionally.

Answer 24

Ode

Question 25

A lament for the dead

Answer 25

Elegy

Question 26

a song praising God or the Virgin Mary and containing a Philosophy of life

Answer 26

Psalms (Dalit)

Question 27

short poems intended to be sung with common themes: love despair grief doubt joy hope and sorrow

Answer 27

Folksongs (Awiting Bayan)

Question 28

have measures of eight syllables and usually recited to a martial beat

Answer 28

Corridos (Kuridos)

Question 29

A theatrical play with a happy ending

Answer 29

Comedy

Question 30

involves a hero struggling mightily against dynamic forces; | involves death or ruin without success or satisfaction.

Answer 30

Tragedy

Question 31

usually used in musical plays with the opera

Answer 31

Melodrama

Question 32

is an exaggerated comedy

Answer 32

Farce

Question 33

either purely comic or tragic and pictures the life of today

Answer 33

Social Poems

Question 34

ENUMERATION: What are the 6 elements of a story?

Answer 34

1. character 2. plot 3. setting 4. point of view 5. conflict 6. theme

Question 35

ENUMERATION: what are the 2 kinds of person in a work of fiction?

Answer 35

- protagonist | - antagonist

Question 36

are convincing if they | are consistent, motivated, and life-like (resemble real people)

Answer 36

Characters

Question 37

ENUMERATION: characters are what? (3)

Answer 37

- individual - dynamic - static

Question 38

round, many sided, and complex personalities

Answer 38

Individual

Question 39

developing and with many sided personalities that change, for better or worse, by the end of the story

Answer 39

Dynamic

Question 40

stereotype, have one or two characteristics that never change and are emphasized (e.g. brilliant detective, drunk scrooge, cruel stepmother, etc)

Answer 40

Static

Question 41

It is how the author arranges events to develop his basic idea

Answer 41

Plot

Question 42

sequence of events in a story or play

Answer 42

plot

Question 43

is a planned, logical series or events having a begining, middle, and end.

Answer 43

plot

Question 44

usually has one plot so it can be read in one sitting

Answer 44

Short Story

Question 45

The beginning of the story where the characters and the setting is revealed.

Answer 45

Introduction/Exposition

Question 46

This is where the events in the story become complicated and the conflict in the story is revealed (events between the introduction and climax)

Answer 46

Rising Action

Question 47

the highest point of interest and the turning point of the story

Answer 47

Climax

Question 48

ENUMERATION: It is helpful to consider a climax as a three-fold phenomenon: (3)

Answer 48

- receives the information - accepts this information - acts on this information

Question 49

the events and complications begin to resolve themselves. The reader knows what has happened next and if the conflict was resolved or not (events between climax and denouement)

Answer 49

Falling Action

Question 50

This is the final outcome or untangling of events in the story

Answer 50

Denouement

Question 51

The time and location in which a story takes place

Answer 51

Setting

Question 52

Geographical location; it is where the action of the story taking place

Answer 52

Place

Question 53

It is when the story taking place (historical period, time of day, year)

Answer 53

Time

Question 54

Rainy, sunny, stormy, etc

Answer 54

Weather conditions

Question 55

"What is the daily life of the characters like?" Does the story contains local color?" (writing that focuses on the speech, dress, mannerisms, customs, etc of a particular place)

Answer 55

Social Conditions

Question 56

Feeling created at the beginning of the story (bright & cheerful/dark & frightening)

Answer 56

Mood/atmosphere

Question 57

relates to broad categories such as a country, state, region, city, and town, as well as to more specific locales, such as a neighborhood, street, house or school

Answer 57

Locale

Question 58

is defined as the angle from which the story is told

Answer 58

Point of view

Question 59

ENUMERATION: what are the 4 kinds of point of view?

Answer 59

1. innocent eye 2. stream of consciousness 3. first person 4. omniscient

Question 60

the story is told through the eyes of a child

Answer 60

innocent eye

Question 61

the story is told so that the reader feels as if they are inside the head of one character and knows all their thoughts and reactions

Answer 61

Stream of Consciousness

Question 62

The reader sees the story through this person's eyes as he/she experiences it

Answer 62

First Person

Question 63

A point of view that can move from character to character, event to event, having free access to the thoughts, feelings, and motivations, etc. The author can narrate the story through this; powerful

Answer 63

Omniscient

Question 64

ENUMERATION: Two main types of omniscient point of view

Answer 64

- omniscient limited | - omniscient objective

Question 65

Type of omniscient point of view wherein we know what the character knows; we can see the thoughts and feelings of characters

Answer 65

Omniscient Limited

Question 66

Type of omniscient point of view wherein it appears as though a camera is following the characters, going anywhere, and recording only what is seen and heard.

Answer 66

Omniscient Objective

Question 67

It is the opposition of forces whcih ties one incident to anothe and makes the plot move

Answer 67

Conflict

Question 68

ENUMERATION: what are the 2 types of conflict?

Answer 68

- external | - internal

Question 69

ENUMERATION: what are the 4 kinds of conflict?

Answer 69

1. man vs man (physical) 2. man vs circumstances (classical) 3. man vs society (social) 4. man vs himself/herself (psychological)

Question 70

is a struggle with a force outside one's self

Answer 70

external

Question 71

is a struggle within one's self; a person must make some decision, overcome pain, etc

Answer 71

internal

Question 72

the leading character struggles with his physical strength against other men, forces of nature, or animals

Answer 72

Man vs. Man

Question 73

the leading character struggles against fate, or the circumstances of life facing him/her

Answer 73

Man vs. Circumstances

Question 74

the leading character struggles against ideas, practices, or customs of other people

Answer 74

Man vs. Society

Question 75

the leading character struggles with himself; with his own soul, ideas of right or wrong, physical limitations, choices, etc

Answer 75

Man vs. Himself

Question 76

The ____ in a piece of fiction is its controlling idea or its central insight. it is the author's underlying meaning or main idea that he is trying to convey.

Answer 76

Theme

Question 77

It may be the author's thoughts about a topic or view of human nature

Answer 77

theme