INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEM

Question 1

the attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources.

Answer 1

Management

Question 2

FOUR MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

Answer 2

Planning, Organizing, Leading, Controlling

Question 3

identifying goals for future organizational performance and deciding on the tasks and use of resources needed to attain them.

Answer 3

Planning

Question 4

involves assigning tasks, grouping tasks into departments, delegating authority, and allocating resources across the organization.

Answer 4

Organizing

Question 5

use of influence to motivate employees to achieve organizational goals. It means creating a shared culture and values, communicating goals to employees throughout the organization, and infusing employees with the desire to perform at a high level.

Answer 5

Leading

Question 6

monitoring employees’ activities, determining whether the organization is on target toward its goals, and making corrections, as necessary.

Answer 6

Controlling

Question 7

Leadership Styles

Answer 7

Authoritative, Participative, Deligative, Combination

Question 8

Leader informs employees what is to be done and how it is to be performed

Answer 8

Authoritative

Question 9

Includes one or more employees in the decision-making process, with the leader maintaining the final decision-making authority

Answer 9

Participative

Question 10

Leader confers the decision- making ability to the employees, with the leader still responsible for the decisions made by the employees

Answer 10

Delegative

Question 11

All three styles are used, depending on the issues involved

Answer 11

Combination

Question 12

It promotes standardization, specialization, assignment based on ability, and extensive training and supervision. Only through those practices can a business achieve efficiency and productivity.

Answer 12

Scientific Management by Frederick Taylor

Question 13

His principles of administrative management as a top-down approach to examining a business. He put himself in his manager’s shoes and imagined what situations they might encounter when dealing with their team.

Answer 13

Administrative Management by Henri Fayol

Question 14

explains the setup, operation, and management of organizations as formal, rational, well-organized, hierarchical systems.

Answer 14

Bureaucratic Theory by Weber

Question 15

Two Key Phenomena of Bureaucratic Theory

Answer 15

1. Professionalization - secureand
   efficient legal, financial etc. transactions.
2. Rationalization - organization based on reason and objectivity rather than emotions or arbitrariness.

Question 16

all individuals focus on the fundamental needs and once those are fulfilled will progress to higher needs

Answer 16

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs By Abraham Maslow

Question 17

Theory of motivation in which employees base their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with work on hygiene factors and motivator factors

Answer 17

Motivator-Hygiene Theory By Frederick Herzberg

Question 18

Theory X and Y was proposed by:

Answer 18

Douglas Mcgregor

Question 19

in which he states that employees are more motivated by social factors — like personal attention or being part of a group — than environmental factors, such as money and working conditions.

Answer 19

Human Relations by Elton Mayo

Question 20

plotted leadership behavior on a grid based on concern for people versus concern for production, with a scale of 1 to 9 based on the level of concern.

Answer 20

Blake Mouton Managerial Grib by Robert Blake and Jane Mouton

Question 21

effective leadership was directly related to the traits the leader displayed in any given situation.

Answer 21

Contingency Management by Fred Fiedler

Question 22

theory of psychological types to make insights of type theory applicable to individuals and groups. A grid displays the 16 personality types based on your indicators

Answer 22

Myers Briggs Type Indicator

Question 23

the cognitive ability to see the organization as a whole system and the relationships among its parts.

Answer 23

Conceptual Skills

Question 24

involves the manager’s thinking, information processing, and planning abilities.

Answer 24

Conceptual Skills

Question 25

manager’s ability to work with and through other people and to work effectively as a group member.

Answer 25

Human Skills

Question 26

the understanding of and proficiency in the performance of specific tasks.

Answer 26

Technical Skills

Question 27

mastery of the methods, techniques, and equipment involved in specific functions such as engineering, manufacturing, or finance.

Answer 27

Technical Skills

Question 28

- directly responsible to produce goods and services - responsible for groups of non-management employees - primary concern is the application of rules and procedures to achieve efficient production, provide technical assistance, and motivate subordinates.

Answer 28

Low-Level Managers

Question 29

responsible for business units and major departments. ➢They are responsible for implementing the overall strategies and policies defined by top managers. ➢Generally, are concerned with the near future rather than with long-range planning.

Answer 29

Middle Level Managers

Question 30

➢are at the top of the hierarchy and are responsible for the entire organization. ➢responsible for setting organizational goals, defining strategies for achieving them, monitoring and interpreting the external environment, and making decisions that affect the entire organization. ➢responsible for communicating a shared vision for the organization, shaping corporate culture, and nurturing an entrepreneurial spirit that can help the company innovate and keep pace with rapid change.

Answer 30

Top Level Managements

Question 31

responsible for a temporary work project that involves the participation of people from various functions and levels of the organization, and perhaps from outside the company as well.

Answer 31

Project Manager

Question 32

responsible for departments that perform a single functional task and have employees with similar training and skills.

Answer 32

Functional Managers

Question 33

➢are responsible for several departments that perform different functions. ➢responsible for a self- contained division, and for all the functional departments within it.

Answer 33

General Managers

Question 34

a management tool whereby managers and employees work together to set and track objectives for a specific time period.

Answer 34

Management by Objectives