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Principles of Medical Laboratory Science > Introduction to Medical Technology > Flashcards

Introduction to Medical Technology Flashcards

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1
Q

aka clinical laboratory science or

laboratory medicine

A

Medical Technology

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2
Q

Application of diagnostic, preventive and
therapeutic medicine to monitor and improve
the management of health conditions

A

Medical Technology

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3
Q

Medical technology is the branch of medicine
concerned with the performance of
laboratory determinations and analyses used
in the diagnosis and treatment of disease
and the maintenance of health.

A

Anne Fagelson

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4
Q

Medical technology is the health profession
concerned with performing laboratory
analyses in view of obtaining information
necessary in the diagnosis and treatment of
diseases as well as in the maintenance of
good health.

A

Walters

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5
Q

• Medical technology is the application of the
principles of natural, physical and biological
sciences in laboratory procedures to aid in
the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

A

Ruth Heinemann

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6
Q

RA 5527

A

Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969

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7
Q

Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969 exact date

A

June 21, 1969

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8
Q

Medical technology is an auxiliary branch of medicine which deals with examinations using various chemical, microscopic, bacteriologic and other medical laboratory procedures or techniques that will aid the physician in the diagnosis, study and treatment of disease and in the promotion of health in general.

A

RA 5527

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9
Q

Topics under Medical Technology

A
  1. Hematology
  2. Clinical Chemistry
  3. Medical Microbiology
  4. Clinical Microscopy
  5. immunology
  6. Serology
  7. General Pathology
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10
Q

Oldest preserved Egyptian compilation of medical

texts

A

Ebers Papyrus (1500 BC)

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11
Q

who traced the beginning of medical
technology when intestinal parasite such as
Taenia and Ascaris were first identified (1500
B.C.).

A

Vivian Herrick

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12
Q

Four humors

A

-blood
o phlegm
o yellow bile
o black bile

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13
Q

• Four Humors: dark clot at the bottom

A

black bile

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14
Q

Four Humors: above the clot is a layer of RBC

A

Blood

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15
Q

Above is a whitish layer of WBC

A

Phlegm

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16
Q

whitish layer is now called..?

A

buffy coat

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17
Q

top layer is clear yellow serum

A

Yellow Bile

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18
Q

• All diseases were due to the disorder of these
four humors or body fluids
• During this times, urine was regarded as
composite of these humors

A

Central Hippocratic doctrine of humoral pathology

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19
Q

oldest lab procedure

A

Urinalysis

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20
Q

medical examination of urine

A

Uroscopy

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21
Q

symbol of medieval medicine

A

Urine flask

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22
Q

Poured urine on ground when it attracts ants

= patient diagnosed with diabetes

A

Greeks

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23
Q

Made the ‟scientific observation” that the
urine of certain individuals attracted to ants –
such urine have a sweetish taste.
• Polyuria (600 B.C.)

A

Hindu Doctors

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24
Q

Practiced immunization by inhaling powder
made from smallpox scabs to develop
immunity to the disease

A

Chinese

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25
• Developed lab tools: forceps, scalpels, | specula, and surgical needles
Romans
26
Practiced toxicology (agada tantra)
Indians
27
* Made the first description of hematuria | * Due to inability of the kidneys to filter blood
Rufus of Ephesus (50 AD)
28
• Jewish physician and philosopher • Kitab al Baul • Formulated rules for the use of urine in patients’ diagnosis
Isaac Judeus
29
• One of the founders of the origins of | nephrology
Isaac Judeus
30
• Failure of physicians to examine patient’s | urine was punishable by public beatings
Jerusalem Code of 1090
31
• invented microscope (1590s)
Zaccharias Janssen and his father Hans
32
Believed that MT began from this period as supported by the fact that urinalysis was a fad.
Ruth Williams
33
Believed that MT started when a prominent Italian doctor at the University of Bologna employed Alessandra Giliani to perform different task in the lab.
Anne Fagelson(14th Century)
34
she died due to lab acquired infection
• ALESSANDRA GILLANI
35
what century is the discovery of the different dyes such as the aniline dyes used in staining microorganisms.
15th Century
36
Saw bacteria and classified them according to shapes • Described blood cells, muscle fibers, spermatozoa and protozoa
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632)
37
Father of Microbiology
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632)
38
• Greatest of the early microscopists • Blood of patients with plagues contained “worms”
Athanasius Kircher (1646)
39
• Italian microscopist • His contributions to embryology and anatomy made him known as the “Founding father of modern Anatomic Pathology”
Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694)
40
• Introduced the gravimetric analysis of urine by weighing a number of 24-hr urine specimens
Jean Baptiste van Helmont (1577-1644)
41
Investigated and showed that blood transfusion from one animal to another is possible
Richard Lower (1631-1691)
42
• first to differentiate arterial from venous | blood
Richard Lower (1631-1691)
43
Observed that proteins in the urine precipitated when boiled with acetic acid • Useful diagnostic indicator of proteinuria
Frederick Dekkers (1694)
44
Discovered that plasma could be separated | from blood cells when blood clots
William Hewson (1739–1774)
45
o could be precipitated from the plasma upon application of temperature higher than 50°C o fibrinogen
Coagulable lymph
46
• A medical Doctor • Identified sugar in the blood and urine of diabetes
Matthew Dobson (1775)
47
• A medical doctor • Developed the yeast test for sugar in diabetic urine
Francis Home (1780)
48
• Era of Public Health o Water treatment o Pasteurization of milk o Improvement of hygiene
19th Century
49
recognized as the father of microscopic pathology • Founder of Archives (collection of records) of Pathology in Berlin
Rudolf Virchow (1847)
50
Performed the first quantitative test for urine
Herman von Fehling (1848)
51
• studied cholera outbreak in London and brought the situation under control • Due to contaminated water in the Broad Street pump
Louis Pasteur (1861)
52
provided experimental steps (Koch’s postulates) used to prove that a specific microbe causes a specific disease.
Robert Koch (1843 – 1910)
53
``` when were laboratory tests for the ff were introduced? o Tb, cholera, typhoid and diphtheria • Guys Hospital o first hospital laboratory in Britain • University of Michigan Hospital o first clinical laboratory set up in US ```
Mid- 1800s
54
emergence of Clinical Laboratories in the US | started
late 19th century
55
established a laboratory at Bellevue Hospital Medical College (1878) • He gave the first lab course in pathology ever offered in an American Medical School • Became the 1st professor of Pathology at John Hopkins University (1885)
Dr. William H. Welch
56
opened the 1st clin.lab. in 1896 at the John Hopkins Hospital • in this lab., “routine exams” was performed & special test for blood malarial parasites identification.
Dr. William Osler
57
• Clin Lab also opened at the....
University of | Pennsylvania (William Pepper Laboratory)
58
Wrote “Clinical Diagnosis: A Manual of | Laboratory Methods”
Dr. James C. Todd
59
published The Demand for and | Training of Laboratory Technicians
John Kolmer
60
who required all hospital to have adequate lab and employ a full time laboratory technician?
State Legislature of Pennsylvania (1918)
61
• Impt factor in the growth of clin lab • Created a great demand for clinical laboratory technicians • Assistants were taught to do some tests by the practicing physicians
World War I
62
What year? • administrative units of clinical laboratories in large hospitals were directed by a chief physician
1920
63
``` what year? ASCP was founded. • encourage cooperation between physicians and clinical pathologists • established code of ethics for technicians and technologists o these people should work under the supervision of the physician o refrain from making oral or written diagnosis o advising physicians on how patients should be treated ```
1922
64
``` • formerly ASMT (American Society of Medical Technology), a subgroup of ASCP • recognition of nonphysician clinical laboratory scientists as autonomous professionals ```
American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science
65
``` what year? • University of Minnesota, issued a course bulletin entitled “Courses in Medical Technology for Clinical and Laboratory Technicians” • 1st to offer a degree level program ```
1923
66
The American Board of Pathology was | established on what year
1936
67
what yr did medtech in US sought professional recognition from the government of their educational qualifications through licensure laws
1950
68
``` use of blood for transfusion = closed system blood collection • instrumentation was advanced • automation in the laboratory • Quality control programs ```
World War II
69
What event marked a great effect on Laboratory | Medicine?
WWII
70
established by Spanish authorities • for lab exam of food, water and clinical samples • not adequately used in the study of outbreaks
Laboratorio Municipal de Manila (1887)
71
who was employed as chemical expert and pioneered water testing, forensics and environmental studies?
General Antonio Luna
72
Philippine Commission Act No. 156 -had a science library, chemical section and serum lab for production of vaccines
Bureau of Government Laboratories (1901)
73
bureau’s first director
Paul Freer
74
what year? • US bases were built in Leyte • US brought members of health care team to the Philippines to resolve health problems of soldiers and Filipinos
World War II | 1944
75
Who established the 26th Medical Laboratory of the 6th US Army and introduced medical technology in the Philippines?
6th Infantry Division of US Army
76
First clinical laboratory in the Philippines is located at..?
208 Quiricada Street, Sta. | Cruz Manila
77
what yr ? highschool graduates were provided with one year training to work as laboratory technicians
February 1944
78
• staff of 6th US Army left the facility • Clinical laboratory was endorsed to the National Department of Health
June 1945
79
• Filipino doctor and a dislocated staff of the 26 Medical Laboratory • preserved the remains of the laboratory with the help of Dr. Mariano Icasiano • first City Health Officer of Manila • Manila Public Health Laboratory
Dr. Pio de Roda
80
what year? • A training program for individual aspiring to become lab workers was offered by Dr. Pio de Roda, in collaboration with Dr. Prudencia Sta. Ana. • Trainees were mostly high school graduates and paramedical graduates. • Dr. Pio de Roda instructed Dr. Prudencia Sta. Ana to prepare a formal syllabus of the training program.
1947
81
what year? • The training began using a syllabus and it was to last for 6 months. • After a short while Dr. Briones joined the two. • The training program did not last long.
1954
82
• Founder Of Medical Technology Education in the Philippines • An American medical practitioner and a missionary of the 7th Day Adventist Church in the • established the first Medical Technology School in the Philippines together with Dr. Reuben Manalaysay and Rev. Warren • with the help of Mrs. Antoinette McKelvey: prepared the course curriculum and established the first complete laboratory in microbiology, parasitology, and histopathology at Manila Sanitarium Hospital
Dr. Willa Hilgert Hedrick
83
First to offer a 4-year BSMT through its sister | establishment, Manila Sanitarium Hospital
Philippine Union College
84
first student to graduate (1956)
Mr. Jesse Umali
85
• 1957-1958 • offered an elective course in pharmacy leading to a bachelor of science in medical technology • Dr. Antonio Gabriel and Dr. Gustavo Reyes of the Faculty of Pharmacy • Rev. Lorenzo Rodriguez decided to offer it as a course
UST
86
exact date of the full recognition of the 4-year | BSMT course in UST?
June 14, 1961
87
• undertook feasibility study for the offering of BSMT course. • The first batch graduated in 1962
Mrs. Purificacion Sunico-Suaco
88
* offered a similar course: * BS in Public Health * Postgraduate courses: * MSMT (UST, PWU) * Non thesis MPH -1 year (UP)
University of the Philippines

Principles of Medical Laboratory Science (1 decks)

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