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Musculoskeletal Sonography > Introduction to MSK ultrasound > Flashcards

Introduction to MSK ultrasound Flashcards

(45 cards)

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1
Q

Why is ultrasound beneficial?

A 
Inexpensive
Fast
Effective 
No radiation 
Good for soft tissue and bony cortex
Dynamic
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2
Q

what are indications for MSK sonography 1

A

Pain, swelling

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3
Q

what are indications for MSK sonography 2

A

Trauma

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4
Q

what are indications for MSK sonography 3

A

Decreased range of motion, lost mobility

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5
Q

what are indications for MSK sonography 4

A

Evaluation of soft tissue masses

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6
Q

what are indications for MSK sonography 5

A

Weakness, instability, tingling, numbness, neurological issues

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7
Q

what are indications for MSK sonography 6

A

Foreign body identification/location

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8
Q

what are indications for MSK sonography 7

A

Post operative monitoring

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9
Q

MSK sonography can easily identify what?

A

Small, undisplaced rib fractures

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10
Q

what type of transducer is used with ultrasound

A

High frequency transducer

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11
Q

Long Axis

A

Along fibers

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12
Q

Short axis

A

Across Fibers

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13
Q

Small Footprint Linear

A

ideal for imaging the hand, ankle and foot given the contours of the body part

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14
Q

Heel-Toe

A

Transducer is rocked or angled along the long axis of the transducer

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15
Q

Toggle

A

Transducer is rocked or angled side to side

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16
Q

Translate

A

Transducer is moved to a new location

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17
Q

Sweep

A

Used when the transducer is slid from side to side

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18
Q

How many basic steps of MSK ultrasound

A

three

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19
Q

Step number one of MSK ultrasound

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A

Image the structure of interest in the long axis and short axis

20
Q

Step number two of MSK ultrasound

Study These Flashcards
A

Eliminate artifacts (anisotrophy)

21
Q

Step number three of MSK ultrasound

Study These Flashcards
A

Characterization of pathology

22
Q

High frequency transducers

Study These Flashcards
A

Best for superficial structures

23
Q

Normal tendons appearance

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A

hyperechoic with fiber like (fibrillar) echotexture

24
Q

Linear Fibrillar echoes

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A

Endotendineum septa (contain connective tissue, elastic fibers, nerve endings, blood and lymph vessels)

25
When are continuous tendon fibers best appreciated?
When they are imaged long axis to the tendon
26
Short axis tendon fibers
Normal hyperechoic tendon fibers appear as bristles of a brush seen on end
27
what is hypoechoic muscle tissue separated by?
fine hyperechoic fibroadipose septa
28
what is fine hyperechoic fibroadipose septa also known as
Perimysium (Surrounds bundles of hypoechoic muscle bundles)
29
Surface of bone
Very hyperechoic with posterior acoustic shadowing and posterior reverberation
30
Hyaline cartilage covering the articular surface of bone
Hypoechoic and uniform
31
Fibrocartilage
Hyperechoic
32
Ligaments
Hyperechoic, striated appearance (More compact compared to tendons)
33
when are ligaments identified
Connect two osseous structures
34
Normal peripheral nerves
Fascicular appearance in which the individual nerve fascicles are hypoechoic surrounded by the hyperechoic connective tissue epineurium
35
Hyperechoic fat is seen where
typically seen around larger peripheral nerves
36
what is the appearances of nerves in short axis
Honeycomb or speckled appearance
37
what occurs with peripheral nerves
Mixed hyperechoic and hypoechoic echotexture, therefore their appearance changes relative to the adjacent tissues
38
Epidermis and dermis
Hyperechoic
39
Hypodermis
Hypoechoic fat and hyperechoic fibrous septa
40
what are the three kinds of joints
synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, synovial
41
immovable joints
Synarthrosis
42
slightly moveable
Amphiarthrosis
43
widely movable
Synovial
44
Sutures
most common in Skulls | Completely immovable
45
Types of synarthrosis joints
Sutures Gomphosis Synchondrosis Synostosis

Musculoskeletal Sonography (8 decks)

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