Introduction to Networks Flashcards
(30 cards)
Define a network
Two or more connected computers that can share access to resources
Define a LAN
A local area network spans a small geographic area such as a home or office building
Define a workstation
A powerful computer running multiple CPUs whose resources are available to other users on the network to access
Define a server
A powerful computer that runs specialised software (the network OS) to maintain/control the network
Define a host
Any network device with an IP address
Define a WAN
A wide area network spans a large geographic area and employs both routers and public links
Name 4 ways WANs differ from LANs
- WANs usually need a router port/s
- WANs span a larger area and can link separate locations
- WANs are slower
- We can choose when/how long we connect to w WAN, but not with a LAN
What is MPLS?
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a switching mechanism that imposes labels to data and uses them to forward data when it arrives at an MPLS network
What is a peer-to-peer network?
Hosts connect directly to other hosts with equal authority; there is no central authority in a P2P network
What is a client-server network?
Where a single server uses a network OS to manage a whole network; clients request resources from the main server, which handles security and directs clients to resources
What is the OSI model?
The Open Systems Interconnections model describes how data and network information are communicated from an application on one computer through network media to an application on another computer. It has 7 layers: Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, and Physical.
Describe the Application Layer of the OSI model
The Application layer is layer 7 of the OSI model. It performs file, print, message, database, and application services and a user interface
Describe the Presentation Layer of the OSI model
The Presentation layer is layer 6 of the OSI model. It provides data encryption, compression, and translation services, presents data, and handles encryption
Describe the Session Layer of the OSI model
The Session layer is layer 5 of the OSI model. It provides dialog control and keeps different applications’ data separate
Describe the Transport Layer of the OSI model
The Transport layer is layer 4 of the OSI model. It provides an end-to-end connection, reliable or unreliable delivery, and performs error connection before retransmitting data
Describe the Network Layer of the OSI model
The Network layer is layer 3 of the OSI model. It provides routing and logical (IP) addressing
Describe the Data Link Layer of the OSI model
The Data Link layer is layer 2 of the OSI model. It combines packets into bytes and bytes into frames, provides access to media using MAC addresses, and performs error detection
Describe the Physical Layer of the OSI model
The Physical layer is layer 1 of the OSI model. It describes the physical topology, moves bits between devices, and specifies voltage, wire speed, and pin-out of cables
At what layer is data segmented into a data stream?
The Transport layer (layer 4)
At what layer do TCP and UDP operate?
The Transport layer (layer 4)
At what layer do routers work?
The Network layer (layer 3)
At what layer do switches work?
The Data Link layer (layer 2), or the Network layer for Layer 3 switches
True or false: broadcasts are forwarded through routers
False. Broadcasts aren’t forwarded through a router. Routers break up broadcast domains.
What is a PDU?
A Protocol Data Unit holds control information attached to data at each layer of the OSI model
