Introduction to Organic Flashcards Preview

Chemistry A-Level > Introduction to Organic > Flashcards

Flashcards in Introduction to Organic Deck (20)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

How to show the displayed formula

A

All bonds are shown with double or triple bonds

2
Q

How to show the structural formula

A

Each carbon is written separately with atoms or groups attached to each

3
Q

How to show the skeletal formula

A

Straight lines used for carbon-carbon bonds, hydrogens ignored. Extra molecules are written on ends of lines

4
Q

Example of alkane

A

Ethane

5
Q

Example of alkene

A

Ethene

6
Q

Functional group and example of haloalkane

A

R-X, bromoethane

7
Q

Functional group and example of alcohol

A

R-OH, ethanol

8
Q

Functional group and example of aldehyde

A

R-CHO, ethanal

9
Q

Functional group and example of ketone

A

R-CO-R, propanone

10
Q

Functional group and example of carboxylic acid

A

R-COOH, ethanoic acid

11
Q

Types of structural isomers

A

Positional, functional, chain

12
Q

What is positional isomerism

A

Position of functional group is changed

13
Q

What is functional isomerism

A

Functional group is changed

14
Q

What is chain isomerism

A

Longest carbon chain is changed

15
Q

Define structural isomerism

A

Same molecular formula, but different structural formula

16
Q

Define stereoisomerism

A

Same structural formula, but different spacial arrangement

17
Q

What is E-Z isomerism

A

Form of stereoisomerism, due to restricted rotation of carbon-carbon double bond

18
Q

How to do E-Z isomerism

A

If higher property atoms are on the same side, it’s Z.

If on different sides, it’s E.

19
Q

How to select which atom is higher property

A

The atom which has the higher atomic number is given the higher priority

20
Q

What are straight chain isomers

A

Isomers with all carbons in the longest chain