Introduction To Organic Chemistry

Question 1

What is DISPLAYED FORMULA?

Answer 1

• Shows how ATOMS are ARRENGED & ALL BONDS between them
• By using their ELEMENTAL SYMBOLS & connecting them with LINES

Question 2

What is the MOLECULAR FORMULA?

Answer 2

• Gives the actual number of ATOMS of EACH ELEMENT in a MOLECULE

E.G - Pentane would be C5H12

Question 3

What is the STRUCTURAL FORMULA?

Answer 3

• Gives the ATOMS by EACH C ATOM & what’s ATTACHED to it in order

E.G - Pentane would be CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3

Question 4

What is the EMPIRICAL FORMULA?

Answer 4

• Gives the SIMPLEST WHOLE NUMBER RATIO
• Of ATOMS of EACH ELEMENT in a COMPOUND

Question 5

How do you WORK OUT the EMPIRICAL FORMULA?

Answer 5

• Find the LCF that will go into each NUMBER in the MOLECULAR FORMULA
• Then DIVIDE each NUMBER of the MOLECULAR FORMULA by the LCF

Question 6

What is the HOMOLGOUS SERIES?

Answer 6

• A family of COMPOUNDS that have the SAME GENERAL FORMULA

E.G - CnH2n+2 (Alkanes)

Question 7

What is a CYCLOALKANE?

Answer 7

A RING of C atoms with 2 HYDROGENS attached to each C

Question 8

What is a BRANCHED ALKANE?

Answer 8

ALAKNES that do NOT have all the C ATOMS in 1 STRAIGHT CHAIN

Question 9

What are the BRANCHES of BRANCHED ALKANES called?

Answer 9

Alkyl Groups

Question 10

What are ALCOHOLS?
What is the suffix?

Answer 10

Organic molecules that contain OH / HYDROXYL functional group
- Suffix -ol

Question 11

Where will an ALDEHYDE always be LOCATED?

Answer 11

At the END of a C chain

Question 12

Where will a KETONE always be LOCATED?

Answer 12

In BETWEEN 2 C atoms

Question 13

If there is more than 1 BRANCHED ALKANE GROUP, in what ORDER would you NAME THEM?

Answer 13

Alphabetical Order

Question 14

What is the ORDER OF PRIORITY of different FUNCTIONAL GROUPS?
From lowest to highest

Answer 14

Halogen –> Alkyl Groups –> Alkenes –> Others