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Introduction to Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms Flashcards

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1
Q

Various dosage forms are named and grouped according to:

A
  1. Method of administration
  2. Method of preparation
  3. Physical nature
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2
Q

Classification according to method of administration

A
  1. Oral DF
  2. Parenteral DF
  3. Rectal DF
  4. Inhalation DF
  5. Topical DF
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3
Q

Preparations intended to be taken orally

A

Oral DF

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4
Q

preparations introduces into the body by injections through the skin mucous membranes

A

Parenteral DF

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5
Q

employed for systemic effect or a local action through the rectum

A

Rectal DF

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6
Q

intended to be finally dispensed or vaporized to the mucous membranes of the lower part of the respiratory tract

A

Inhalation DF

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7
Q

intended to be applied on the skin or instilled into the eyes, nose, or ears

A

Topical DF

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8
Q

Classification of Physical Nature

A
  1. Liquids
  2. Extracts
  3. Parenteral Preparations
  4. Intravenous Admixture
  5. Ophthalmic Preparation(sterile prep for eyes)
  6. Medicated Applications
  7. Powders
  8. Oral Solid DF
  9. Aerosols
  10. Radio-pharmaceuticals
  11. Biological Products
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9
Q

A homogeneous mixture that is prepared by dissolving a solid or liquid or gas in another liquid. It represents a group of preparations in which the molecules of the solute or dissolved substances are dispersed among those of the solvent

A

Solution (Liquids)

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10
Q

types of solutions

A
  1. Aqueous Sol.
  2. Sweet or Other viscid Aqueous Sol.
  3. Non-Aqueous Sol.
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11
Q

3 types of liquids

A
  1. Solution
  2. Emulsions
  3. Suspensions
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12
Q

water is used as the vehicle or the solvent for the desired flavoring or medical ingredients

A
  1. Aqueous Sol.
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13
Q

also known as medicated water; clear saturated aqueous solutions of volatile oils or other aromatic or volatile substances. Used mainly as flavored or perfumed vehicles.

A

Aromatic water (Aqueous Sol. )

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14
Q

are official inorganic acids and certain acids although or minor significances as the therapeutic agents but of great importance in chemical and pharmaceutical manufacturing.

A

Aqueous Acid (Aqueous Sol.)

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15
Q

aqueous sol. of acids of suitable strength usually 10% w/v except diluted Hac which is 6% w/v. They are used for internal administrator or for the manufacture of other preparations.

A

Diluted Acids (Aqueous Sol.)

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16
Q

is a liquid preparation that contains one or more soluble chemical substances dissolved in water.

A

Solution (Aqueous Sol. )

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17
Q

aqueous solutions directed against a part or into a cavity of the body as a cleansing or antiseptic agent.

A

Douches (Aqueous Sol. )

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18
Q

aka evacuation enemas. rectal injections employed to evacuate the bowel;

A

Enemas (Aqueous Sol. )

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19
Q

are aqueous solutions used for treating pharynx or the nasopharynx by forcing air

A

Gargles (Aqueous Sol. )

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20
Q

aqueous solutions which are most often used for their deodorant, refreshing or antiseptic effect

A

Mouthwashes (Aqueous Sol. )

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21
Q

are prepared from fresh ripe fruits, aqueous in character and used in making syrups employed as vehicles.

A

Juices (Aqueous Sol. )

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22
Q

are usually aqueous solutions designed to be administered to the nasal passages in drops or spray form.

A

Nasal Solutions (Aqueous Sol.)

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23
Q

aq. preparations dispensed in a container which permits the administrations of drops to the ear

A

Otic Solutions (Aqueous Sol. )

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24
Q
  1. Sweet or Other Viscid Aqueous Sol.
A

a. Syrups
b. Honey
c. Mucilages
d. Jellies

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25
are concentrated solutions of sugar such as sucrose in water or other aq. liquids, used either as flavored syrup or medicated syrup
Syrup (Sweet)
26
is thick liquid preparations somewhat allied to syrup and used as a base in place of syrup
Honey (Sweet)
27
are thick, viscid, adhesive liquids produced by dispersing gum in water or by extracting with water the mucilaginous principles from vegetable substances
Mucilages (Sweet)
28
are class of gels in which the structural coherent matrix contains a high proportion of liquids.
Jellies (Sweet)
29
3. Non-Aqueous Sol.
a. Collodion b. Elixirs c. Glycerin or glycerites d. Inhalations and Inhalants e. Liniments f. Oleovitamins g. Spirits h. Toothache Drops
30
a liquid preparation containing pyroxillin in a mixture of ethyl ether and ethanol. applied to the skin by means of a soft brush or other suitable applicator.
Collodion (Non-Aqueous Sol.)
31
are clear, pleasantly flavored sweetened hydroalcoholic liquids intended for oral use, as flavors and vehicles.
Elixirs (Non-Aqueous Sol.)
32
are solutions or mixtures of medicinal substances on not less than 50% by weight of glycerin
Glycerin or Glycerites
33
drugs or solution of drugs administered by the nasal or oral respiratory route for local or systemic effect
Inhalations and Inhalants
34
used for the administration of inhalations
Nebulizers
35
drugs delivered via high power pressure carried by air current into the nasal passage
Inhalants
36
are solutions or mixtures of various substances in oil, alcoholic solutions of soup or emulsion, intended for external application, rubbed on affected areas
Liniments
37
are fish liver oils diluted with edible vegetable oil or solutions of volatile substances of the indicated vitamins or vit. concentrates on fish liver oil.
Oleovitamins
38
are popularly known as essences, are alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions of volatile substances.
Spirits
39
preparations used for the temporary relief of tootache
toothache drops
40
are a two phase system prepared by combining two immiscible liquids, one of which is uniformly dispersed through the other
Emulsions
41
in incorporated to prevent separation of the two phases
emulsifying agent
42
are a two-phase system consisting of finely divided solid dispersed in a solid, liquid, or gas. is added to ensure appropriate dispersion of the solid in the vehicle
suspensions/ suspending agent
43
Particle size of Solution, Colloid, Suspension:
S- less than 1nm C- 1 to 100nm Ss- more than 100nm
44
Appearance of Solution, Colloid, Suspension:
S- clear C- cloudy Ss- cloudy
45
Separation of Solution, Colloid, Suspension
S- does not separate C- does not separate Ss- Separate or settle
46
Filterability of Solution, Colloid, Suspension
S- Passes through the filter paper C- Passes through the filter paper Ss- Particles do not pas through the filter paper
47
Effect of beam of light of Solution, Colloid, Suspension
S- Light can passe through C- Scatters Light Ss- Light cannot passe through
48
Examples of of Solution, Colloid, Suspension
S- Salt Solution C- Mayonnaise Ss- Muddy water
49
either suspension made up of small inorganic particles or large organic molecules interpenetrated by a liquid
Gels-semi-solid systems
50
usually liquid suspension or dispersions intended for external application to the body
Lotion
51
aq. suspensions of insoluble inorganic drugs; they differ from gels mainly in that the suspended particles are layers
Magmas and Milks
52
aq. liquid preparations which contains suspended insoluble, solid substances intended for internal use
Mixture
53
these are solutions of the active constituents of a crude drug obtained by maceration or percolation ready for use as a medical agent or may be further process to produce solid or semisolid extracts.
Extracts
54
are alcoholic or hydroalcoholic sol. prepared from vegetable materials or from chemical substances
Tinctures
55
are liquid preparations of vegetable drugs containing alcohol as a solvent or as a preservative or both
fluidextracts
56
sterile prep. intended to be administered by injection under or through one or more layers of the skin or mucous membrane.
parenteral prep.
57
types of parenteral prep
a. Solutions ready for injections b. Dry, soluble products ready to be combined w/ a solvent just prior to the use c. suspensions ready for injections d. Dry, insoluble products ready to be combined w/ a vehicle just a prior to use e. emulsions
58
refers to a mixture of IVF and drugs to be administered by injection
Intravenous Admixture
59
sterile, large volume sol. intended to be administered by VI infusions, they contain sugar, amino acids and electrolytes
Intravenous Fluid
60
combination of one or more sterile products added to an IVF for administration (using aseptic technique)
IV admixture
61
preparation containing calories, nitrogen and other nutrients in sufficient quantities
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
62
intended for the eyes contain medicinal agents added to the ointment base of white petrolatum and mineral oil either as a sol. o as micronized powder
Ophthalmic Preparation Ointments
63
preparations designed to furnish hydrophilic coating over the characteristically hydrophilic surface of hard contact lens surface
wetting solutions
64
used to remove surface contaminants, lipids, proteins.
cleaning solutions
65
isotonic; in an acceptable pH range non reactive with lens material and sterile sol. which exhibits disinfecting activity
disinfection solution
66
used to store and hydrate hard lenses and to disinfect
soaking solutions
67
solutions intended to rewet hard lenses in situ
artificial tears
68
applied to skin or inserted into body orifices in liquid, semi-liquid, or solid forms
Medicated applications
69
a soft mass of meals, herbs, seeds, etc. usually applied hot in clothes.
Cataplasm (poultice)
70
concentrates of absorptive powder dispersed in petrolatum or hydrophilic petrolatum. are stiff to the point of dryness and are often used in the treatment of oozing lesions
Paste
71
usually describe as dusting powders.
Powder for external use
72
external application resembling ointment usually used as covering or protection
Dressing
73
viscous liquids or semi-solid emulsions of either o/w or w/o type
cream
74
substances intended for external application, made of such materials and of such consistency to adhere to the skin and attach to a dressing.
Plasters
75
solid dosage forms of various weights and shapes usually medicated for insertion into the rectum, vagina, or the urethra.
Suppositories
76
generally supplied as finely divided powder or as effervescent granules
oral powder
77
may be prepared in the form of a bulk powder generally containing soap or detergent, mild adhesive and an anticariogenic agent
Dentrifices
78
soluble powders intended to be dissolved in water prior to use as antiseptic or cleaning agents for a body cavity
Douche Powder
79
locally applied non-toxic preparation that are intended to have no systemic action.
Dusting powders
80
finely divided powders introduced into the body cavities such as the ears, nose, throat, tooth sockets and vagina with the use of an insufflator(powder blower)
Insufflations
81
dilutions of potent powdered drugs prepared by intimately mixing with a suitable diluent in 1:10 dilutions
Triturations
82
solid dosage forms containing drug substances
tablets
83
solid dosage forms in which the drug substance is enclosed in either a hard or soft container
capsules
84
small, round, solid dosage forms containing medicinal agents and intended for oral administration
pills
85
small, sterile cylinders about 3.2mm in diameter by 8mm in length, formed by compression from medicated masses
pellets
86
used both orally and topically, contain therapeutically active ingredients dissolves, suspended, or emulsified in a propellant or in a mixture of solvent and propellant.
aerosols
87
used for the symptomatic tx of asthma, migraine headache
oral aerosols
88
used to treat a multitude of dermatological manifestations
topical aerosols
89
used in medicine for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes
radioisotopes
90
suspension of attenuated(live) or inactivated(killed) microorganism of fraction thereof administered to induce immunity and thus prevent infectious disease
vaccine
91
A modified antigen from an infectious organism used as a vaccine.
toxoid
92
a solution containing antibodies from the pooled plasma of not less than 1000 normal individuals
1.1 immunoglobulin
93
a special preparation obtained from human donor pools selective for high antibody titer against a specific disease
hyperimmune serum
94
a solution antibodies derived form the serum of animals immunized with specific toxins (toxoid)
antitoxin
95
a solution of antibodies derived from the serum of animals immunized with specific viral vaccines
antiviral serum
96
a preparation of antibodies derived from the serum of animals immunized with specific venom used to neutralize the venom produced by the specific organism
antivenin

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