Introduction To Python

Question 1

Input

Answer 1

A program receives data from a file, keyboard, touchscreen, etc.

Question 2

Process

Answer 2

A program performs computations on that data.

Question 3

Output

Answer 3

A program puts that data somewhere, such as a file, screen, or network.

Question 4

What does a program consist of?

Answer 4

A list of instructions performed one at a time. Basic instructions are input, process and output.

Question 5

Variables

Answer 5

Names that link to values stored in memory.

Question 6

Computational thinking

Answer 6

Creating a sequence of instructions to solve a problem.

Question 7

Algorithm

Answer 7

A sequence of instructions.

Question 8

Interpreter

Answer 8

A program that interprets a script without compiling it before hand. Executing the script as it reads through.

Question 9

Interactive interpreter

Answer 9

A program that allows users to execute one line of code at a time.

Question 10

Code

Answer 10

Term for the text representation of a program.

Question 11

Line

Answer 11

A row of text

Question 12

Prompt

Answer 12

The ‘»>’. Indicates the interpreter is ready to accept code.

Question 13

Statement

Answer 13

A program instruction.

Question 14

Expression

Answer 14

Codes that return a value when evaluated. (x + y). Cannot have the = operator.

Question 15

Assignment

Answer 15

Code where a variable receives a value.

Question 16

Print()

Answer 16

Displays variables or expression values or string literals. Starts a new line.

Question 17

Comments

Answer 17

Text that doesn’t affect the program. Begins with a hashtag (#).

Question 18

\n

Answer 18

Forces a line break. (A new line)
Named the newline character. Can work even in a string literals.

Question 19

Whitespace characters

Answer 19

Space, tab and newline

Question 20

Input()

Answer 20

A function that takes text from the user. Default type is string, but can be changed by placing input in the functions int(), float(), etc.

Question 21

Input prompt

Answer 21

Can be done by writing text in input(). Prints the string in between the parentheses where the user will type their text.

Question 22

Syntax error

Answer 22

A violation of a programming language’s rules on how code is written.

Question 23

Good coding practice

Answer 23

Run the code frequently to verify whether you’ve made errors to prevent having to search through your entire script.

Question 24

Runtime error

Answer 24

The syntax is correct, but the program attempts an impossible operation.

Question 25

Indentation error

Answer 25

The line of code are improperly indented.

Question 26

Value error

Answer 26

An invalid value is used. Can occur when giving letters to int().

Question 27

Name error

Answer 27

Occurs when trying to use a variable that doesn't exist.

Question 28

Type error

Answer 28

An operation uses incorrect types, such as an integer being added to a string.

Question 29

IDE

Answer 29

Stands for integrated development environment. Refers to various editor programs that support various languages.

Question 30

Processors

Answer 30

Circuits that execute a list of calculations, each called an instruction.

Question 31

Memory

Answer 31

A circuit that stores 0s and 1s in thousands of addressed locations.

Question 32

Machine instructions

Answer 32

Instructions represented as 0s and 1s. This is what the computer uses to execute commands.

Question 33

Executable program

Answer 33

A sequence of machine instructions.

Question 34

Assembly language

Answer 34

Translated from 0s and 1s by assemblers to make it more legible for humans. Translates high level language into low level machine instructions

Question 35

High-level languages

Answer 35

Even closer to how humans think than assembly.

Question 36

Compilers

Answer 36

Programs that automatically translate high-level language programs into executables.

Question 37

Storage

Answer 37

Anything that can store binary values. Disks (hard drives) are the most common. They are non-volatile, maintaining their content even powered off.

Question 38

RAM (Random Access Memory)

Answer 38

Volatile. Temporarily holds data read from storage. Faster than disks. 'Random Access' refers to it accessing any location quickly and arbitrarily. Usually located off the processor chip

Question 39

Clock

Answer 39

Determines the rate instructions are executed at. 1MHz for cheap processors and 1GHz for costlier ones.

Question 40

Transistors

Answer 40

Smaller switches.

Question 41

Integrated circuits

Answer 41

A single chip that carries transistors. By 2012, ICs can carry several billion transistors.

Question 42

Moore's Law

Answer 42

Roughly every 18 months, the capacity of ICs will double.

Question 43

Microprocessor

Answer 43

A single IC processor.

Question 44

Operating system

Answer 44

Manages programs and interfaces with peripherals.

Question 45

Is Python 3.0 backwards compatible?

Answer 45

No.