Introduction to Shariah Flashcards
(53 cards)
From what words does Shariah derived from?
Shin ra’ayn
What is the literal meaning of Shariah?
- the road to the watering-place
2. the straight path to follow
From which surah does it mention the literal meaning ?
Surah Jathiyah :18
ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاكَ عَلَى شَرِيعَةٍ مِّنَ الْأَمْرِ فَاتَّبِعْهَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاء الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
What is the technical meaning of Shariah?
the sum total of Islamic teaching was revealed by Prophet recorded in Al Quran and guided style of Prophet Muhammad called sunnah
How many components of Shariah there is?
There is 3 Components of Shariah
What is the 3 components of Shariah?
- Ahkam Al I’tiqadiyyah
- Ahkam Al Ahlakaqiyyah
- Ahkam Al Amaliyah
What is Ahkam Al I’tiqadiyyah?
- sanctions relating to belief (kepercayaan)
- eg: Believe in Allah and in the Day of Judgement
What is Ahkam Al Akhlaqiyyah ?
- sanctions relating to moral ethics (sikap/perangai)
- eg : the injunction to tell the truth , sincerity and to be honest.
What is Ahkam Al Amaliyyah?
- sanctions relating to the sayings and doing of the individual and their relationship with others (amalan)
- knowns as fiqh
Other name for fiqh
Ahkam AL Amaliyyah
What is Fiqh?
- name given to the whole science of jurisprudence
- because : it implies the exercise of intelligence in deciding a point of law in the absence of a binding text of the Quran and Sunnah.
What is the derived of Fiqh?
fa qa ha
What is the literal meaning of Fiqh?
- comprehension or true understanding
- Surah Taha : 27-28 ; and make loose the knot ( the defect) from my tongue , that they understand my speech.
How many basic sources in the terms of Fiqh?
4 terms
What is the basic sources?
- the knowledge of one’s right from the QURAN and SUNNAH
- obligation derived from the QURAN and SUNNAH
- consensus of opinion among the learned ( IJMA’ )
- analogical reasoning ( QIYAS )
Prophet —-> Mu’az Bin Jabal
Judgement on Quran- Sunnah - individual opinion w/o transgressing the boundary
What does the Islamic perception of the hadith explain?
Independent judgement within the certain limits is permissible and praiseworthy
How many types of fiqh according to the fixed ruling and changeable ruling ?
2 types
What is the types of Fiqh?
- deduced directly from Quran and Sunnah
- deduced from understanding & interpretation of
Quran, Sunnah, various Islamic law sources.
What is ruling that are directedly from Sunnah , Quran?
- Cannot be changed according to time, place, circumstances
- implementation can be deferred if situation does not permitted @ defeat the objectives of Shariah
- eg : Umar al Khattab suspended implementation of punishment for theft due to drought season ( prompted to steal food in order to survive)
What is the ruling deduced from understanding of Quran, Sunnah, Islamic Law sources?
- depends on the power of scholars to utilize the power of reasoning in deciding certain issue of Fiqh
- mostly related to mu’amalah (flexible and can be changed according to time, place and circumstances)
What does most of the rulings of fiqh related to ?
mu’amalah
what is the differences between shariah and fiqh ?
- Shariah : divine relation
Fiqh : human activities that focused on studying and
understanding that revelation - Shariah : wider circle
Fiqh: one of the components under shariah - Shariah : found in Quran and Sunnah ( Ahkam
Akhlaqiyyah/Amaliyyah,Itiqadiyyah)
Fiqh : concern Ahkam Al Amaliyyah - Shariah : Based on revelations from Quran and Sunnah
Fiqh : focus on the power of reasoning
what is fiqh rulings?
legal rules @ shariah injunctions
